Report Lab Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Lab Report Example However some technical problems such as weight of the arm and unforeseen parameters of the robot going out of the maze were encountered in execution of the project. The objective of the project is to enable a robot to look for a ball and pick it up while avoiding black lines. The goal is divided into a logical sequence that enables the robot to achieve its goal. The sequence flow is as follows. The necessary parameters for the robot are set, these include the sensors and motors that enable the robot to move. The robot then looks for a ball. It then estimates and determines the distance to the ball. It moves through the distance and then picks up the ball. The robot does all this while avoiding the black lines using the accompanying sensor light. Robotics programming is a developing technology that utilizes principles from varying fields of science. These include mechatronics, electrical engineering, psychology and computer science .The merging of these fields of study produces the fi ctionalized concept of a robot that has intellect and a nature of its own and works hand in hand with man. Creation of robots from the programming aspects to the development of the mechanical parts has a very diverse effect on man-kind than any other technology that has come about. Robotics poses different arguments from a range of different perspectives that affects human beings. These effects are experienced in global, societal, economic and environmental views that determine the advancement and integration of robotic technology in day to day human lives. These aspects have raised arguments and debates in these fields that have seldom been settled. Advancement in robotics is only brought about by regarding these aspects in humanity. As with every technology, the economic aspect is highly regarded. The robotics project’s possibility of making work easier for people and at the same time improving the livelihoods of the same people is the most important part of the economic vi ew of new technology. Robotics programming has many varied views both positive and negative with regard to the effects and results of robotic technology. Positive aspects of robotic engineering within industrial and commercial aspects include automation of manufacturing, easing the hard labour for people and speeding up the process of delivery of products to the market. Robotic automotive technology and application of mechatronics principles can also improve the creation of safety systems especially in cars which can automatically and intelligently detect dangerous situations and react accordingly (Schweitzer,2). This helps save lives. However with the integration of robotics, the most negative economic aspect is the replacement of human beings by robots. This increases cases of unemployment and thus making robotics technology highly unpopular among operational and technically skilled people. Thus the development of intelligent machines is highly limited to jobs that human beings ca nnot do or will not do and also be based on a foundation of no competition with human beings(Schweitzer,5). The machines should be able to assist and not remove people from work. Robots built for services to people such as robots for lawn mowing and cleaning are beneficial to people as they speed up these services. The economic view more or less dictates the advancement of robotic technology. If it does not improve the lives of people and merely takes their jobs away and replacing them, it would be highly unlikely for the robots

What Literacy Means to Me Essay Example for Free

What Literacy Means to Me Essay What literacy means for me and the impact that it has had on my life. Literacy refers to the ability to read for knowledge, write coherently, and think critically about the written word. The primary sense of literacy still represents the lifelong, intellectual process of gaining meaning from a critical interpretation of the written or printed text. Key to all literacy is reading development, a progression of skills that begins with the ability to understand spoken words and decode written words, and culminates in the deep understanding of text. Literacy is taught through parents by making reading to your child a regular part of your daily schedule, just as my mother did when I was younger. She would read both early readers and chapter books to me. When reading, she would point to the words as she said them and read slowly. This allowed me to read along with her. Once she noticed that I understood certain words, such as the word the, my mother would let me say that word a few times when it appears in the story. This method taught me to be quite an advanced reader by the age of 5 and was heading into kindergarten. The definition of literacy is a difficult one to answer. When the word literacy comes to mind I think of it first in basic terms of just being able to read, but I know it contains more elements of being just able to read. In my mind literacy as a whole defines the relationship that people have with literature. Just like the way my mother taught me the love of reading, which has continued to grow as Ive aged and encouraged me to develop a love for chapter books and the stories depicted in them. I find myself becoming engrossed in these stories and sometimes even comparing them to my own life experiences. Literacy as a whole means the relationship with different types of literature and how well people can comprehend them. There is the basic standard of literacy which would be reading. Then the next step would be how well the reader could comprehend what is being read. Understanding the words written and know most of their meaning. After that it would be how well the reader could analyze the text. The next step from there would be if the writer could then analyze the text well enough to point out anomalies, binaries, patterns, strands, and any repetition that the literature being read may have. After the interpretation of reading and understanding the literature one should be able to write about it. When writing on the literature the reader should be able to communicate clear decisive thoughts about the text that isn’t already spelled out in the literature. With a sharp focused analytical claim. This shows that the reader understood the literature and is capable of translating it to others without retelling the literature that has already been read. For me literacy is very important and has a really strong impact in my life. When I was a kid I remember my mother always telling me â€Å"the more you know the better it is†. I never really understood what she meant nor did I pay that much attention. Society has proven time and time again, it will reward those individuals who are competent and impede those who are not, whether expressed in terms of employment opportunities or just on a social level. One needs look no further than their everyday activities in order to realize how important literacy is. Without adequate literary skills one may not be able to identify on a label the correct amount of medicine to give a child, or read and interpret a sign giving instructions on what to do in case of a fire. These two examples bring perspective to literacys importance. I discovered that I mainly use text or literacy to communicate with others for maintaining family connections or for work related information. I use text or literacy for entertainment as well, but I spend far less time using it for work than I do for entertainment. Overall, I think literacy is a very fluid concept—it is ever changing and evolving as we change and as our way of life changes. A generation or two ago, it was merely important to be able to read and write. Now, one must be able to read and write and use technology to be successful in the world. And for this necessary ability, I have my mother to thank for all her hard work teaching me these skills as a young child.

Compare two short stories where the characters face difficult Essay

Compare two short stories where the characters face difficult situations We are comparing the stories ‘Flight’ by Doris Lessing and ‘Your shoes’ by Michele Roberts. They both deal with the issue of daughters leaving home and how it affects the whole family. In ‘Flight’, the granddad is affected most severely but in ‘Your Shoes’, it is the mother. ‘Your Shoes’ is written in a first person narrative from the mother’s perspective. ‘Flight’ is written in the third person. The main theme of the stories is growing up and letting go/ moving on. In ‘Fight’ the granddad is overprotective of the granddaughter and she craves freedom from him and the atmosphere of the house she has grown up in. Her granddad makes her feel that getting married and moving away is wrong, ‘She’ll marry him next, I’m telling you; she’ll be marrying him next!’. In ‘Your Shoes’ there is a similar theme of over protectiveness and inability of the guardian to let go. However, in ‘Your Shoes’ the daughter actually runs away from the mother, whereas in ‘Flight’ the granddad simply feels that she is running away. The two stories conclude in very different ways. In ‘Flight’ the granddad symbolises that he is finally ready to let go of his granddaughter by releasing, if only for a short while, the pigeon that has symbolised her throughout the whole story. In ‘Your Shoes’ it contrasts this by the mother becoming increasingly unstable as the story progresses and ending with her seeming to have a mental breakdown. In ‘Flight’ the characters deal with the difficulties very differently than in ‘Your Shoes’. The granddad in ‘Flight’ tries to lock his granddaughter away from the world and convince himself he is doing it for her own good. The gra... ...of the mother’s family history, which shows that she didn’t take the side of her mother either, but went onto her father’s side. In ‘Flight’ and ‘Your Shoes’ the characters deal with the similar difficulties very differently. Both authors use symbolism to emphasise the difficulties or dilemmas, pigeons are used in ‘Flight’ and trainers are used in ‘Your Shoes’. The symbols in both stories relate to travelling or a journey. I think that the symbolism is effective in both stories but more so in ‘Your Shoes’ as the shoes represent several things; the pureness that the mother wants the daughter to have, the overbearing nature of the mother, the mother’s obsession with order and the fact that the mother can communicate better with a pair of shoes than she can with her own daughter. In comparison, I enjoyed ‘Your Shoes’ far more and found it more interesting. Compare two short stories where the characters face difficult Essay Compare two short stories where the characters face difficult situations We are comparing the stories ‘Flight’ by Doris Lessing and ‘Your shoes’ by Michele Roberts. They both deal with the issue of daughters leaving home and how it affects the whole family. In ‘Flight’, the granddad is affected most severely but in ‘Your Shoes’, it is the mother. ‘Your Shoes’ is written in a first person narrative from the mother’s perspective. ‘Flight’ is written in the third person. The main theme of the stories is growing up and letting go/ moving on. In ‘Fight’ the granddad is overprotective of the granddaughter and she craves freedom from him and the atmosphere of the house she has grown up in. Her granddad makes her feel that getting married and moving away is wrong, ‘She’ll marry him next, I’m telling you; she’ll be marrying him next!’. In ‘Your Shoes’ there is a similar theme of over protectiveness and inability of the guardian to let go. However, in ‘Your Shoes’ the daughter actually runs away from the mother, whereas in ‘Flight’ the granddad simply feels that she is running away. The two stories conclude in very different ways. In ‘Flight’ the granddad symbolises that he is finally ready to let go of his granddaughter by releasing, if only for a short while, the pigeon that has symbolised her throughout the whole story. In ‘Your Shoes’ it contrasts this by the mother becoming increasingly unstable as the story progresses and ending with her seeming to have a mental breakdown. In ‘Flight’ the characters deal with the difficulties very differently than in ‘Your Shoes’. The granddad in ‘Flight’ tries to lock his granddaughter away from the world and convince himself he is doing it for her own good. The gra... ...of the mother’s family history, which shows that she didn’t take the side of her mother either, but went onto her father’s side. In ‘Flight’ and ‘Your Shoes’ the characters deal with the similar difficulties very differently. Both authors use symbolism to emphasise the difficulties or dilemmas, pigeons are used in ‘Flight’ and trainers are used in ‘Your Shoes’. The symbols in both stories relate to travelling or a journey. I think that the symbolism is effective in both stories but more so in ‘Your Shoes’ as the shoes represent several things; the pureness that the mother wants the daughter to have, the overbearing nature of the mother, the mother’s obsession with order and the fact that the mother can communicate better with a pair of shoes than she can with her own daughter. In comparison, I enjoyed ‘Your Shoes’ far more and found it more interesting.

Intro of Physical Journeys

Texts may show us that the world of physical journeys involves unexpected detours. To what extent do the texts you have studied support this idea? The world of physical journeys, is the movement from one place to another, where the traveller undergoes a process of change and development, where they become endowed with experiences and where there are goals that are achieved culminating in an overall transformation physically, intellectually and emotionally. Within theses changes they are caused by unexpected detours or obstacles, new challenges or hindrances. The poems from the collection called â€Å"Sometimes Gladness† by Bruce Dawe portrays this like: â€Å"For The Duration† coveys this through the tedious attempts of men trying to escape jail, â€Å"Migrants† represents this through a group of immigrants finding a new land for their habitat ; trying to fit in and â€Å"Last Seen At 12:10am† depicts a worrying and traumatic mother in search for her misplaced daughter. The epic fantasy novel The Lord Of The Rings also symbolises of a group of determined protagonists on a agonising quest to find a ring. (Write a sentence and say a brief summary about each poem and how it may explore the answer. ) Bruce Dawe's â€Å"For The Duration† conveys a physical journey of the challenges faced when they attempt to break out of jail. The use of the technique enjambment between the first and second stanza, creates a sense of suspense

The Foreshadowing of Tragedy in the First Five Chapters

A reader who is skimming through the novel ?The Great Gatsby' by F. Scott Fitzgerald might consider a happy ending by the end of the fifth chapter, however at a slightly more detailed look there are clear signs that indicate that a tragic and miserable ending is the only possible one. This essay will be looking at how Fitzgerald foreshadows tragedy, and how he presents tragedy in the lives of the novel's characters.One of the indicators for Gatsby failure is the unstableness of the harassers he is depending on. This begins with the woman he loves, Daisy Buchannan. Daisy's life is a tragedy in its own, because she married the wrong man, who is cheating on her, as she was too weak to follow her conscience and wait for Gatsby to return from the war. Nick, the narrator of the novel and her second cousin once removed, expects her to â€Å"rush out, child in arms† (chapter 1), but she stays in her unhappy marriage.Thus it is clear that Daisy is rather shallow, and without enough con fidence to contravene social conventions. Having this in mind, one cannot e sure if she would resolve to go with Gatsby, once it comes to a conflict with her husband Tom. This conflict is easily predictable with the knowledge about Tom Buchannan character. He is an aggressive, â€Å"unrest† (chapter 1) man, bursting with potency and confidence, but already behind his zenith, as his best years were those in college. He would never tolerate a rival, even though he has an affair himself.The way he and his wife are living contains signs of tragedy as well: they both are eternally restless, chasing after pleasure and trying to fulfill themselves with enormous spending of money. Fitzgerald criticizes the high-society vulgar pursuit of material happiness of his time with these characters. He uses zephyr, blowing wind, to symbolism the Buchannan chaotic lifestyle. Already in his first appearance, Jay Gatsby carries indications of a tragic character. In this Nick sees him staring at t he water: â€Å"He stretched out his arms toward the dark water in a curious way, as far as I was from him I could have sworn he was trembling.Involuntarily I glanced seaward – and distinguished nothing except a single green light C†¦ † (chapter 1). Later it becomes clear that the green light comes from Daisy Buchannan dock, it is a symbol of Gatsby desire to win her back. His unquestioning love for Daisy made him follow her for five years and buy a huge mansion next to her. It is the contrast between the two that indicates a tragedy: whereas Gatsby would do anything to fulfill his dream, Daisy is more likely to stay in the safe live she is – and it is clear that Gatsby would not be able to live without her.Besides, Nick describes him being â€Å"pale as death† (chapter 5) when he waits for Daisy to arrive. This foreshadows the bad influence Daisy will have on him. In chapter four Nick describes Gatsby party guests. Although he does not say it, it is clear that he sees them as superficial, materialistic and immoral: â€Å"they were never quite the same ones in physical person, been there before†. These people always use the situation for their profit and they gossip about Gatsby history at his own party. None of them can be regarded as a friend who would support Gatsby in case of a conflict.In Fitzgerald view, America's white high-society is tragic, because it postulates morality, but is false and superficial. Fitzgerald ironically uses a line of the song â€Å"Mint we got fun† to emphasize his criticism: â€Å"One things sure and nothings surer/ The rich get richer and the poor get – children† (chapter 5). In the Greek belief, tragedy is always caused by chaos. Regarding the flighty, erratic lifestyle of most of the characters in the novel, there must appear a conflict, a tragic moment at some point.The catastrophe is foreshadowed by the car breaking a wheel n the ditch after an excessive and chaoti c night. And although Gatsby doesn't want to â€Å"do anything out of the way' (chapter 5), he is involved in illegal activities (shown by his connection to the known criminal Wolfishly and his calls to Chicago). His lax handling of legality is a form of chaos that is likely to become his undoing. Thus, in conclusion, chaos is an important key to the tragedy in the end because it has been obvious that the more unstable and unreliable the characters and their actions are, the easier an event ends into a catastrophe.

buy custom Acute Respiratory Track Infections essay

buy custom Acute Respiratory Track Infections essay Question One Acute respiratory track infections are extremely contagious. Parents and other grown us often know how they can prevent the infections from spreading. However, for children might be difficult. What are the measures to be taken to prevent spreading of infections from children? a) Children should be washed hands completely, disposal of all tissues and restrict any sharing of cups for children who are sick b) Take the children in a crowded place c) Educate the children on how to wipe their nose on holding their mouth d) Limit movement for all children Answer (a) Rationale Researchers argue that children do not know how to avoid infections because they tend to forget unlike adults. For this reason, it is better to help the prevent diseases because they might lead more infections. Page 1305 Question Two Acute respiratory track infections are extremely difficult to prevent. For children it is hard because they lack complete immune systems since it has not developed fully. For this reason, they need proper measures to prevent infections. What are the measures to be taken to prevent spread of infection? a) Isolation of all children who are sick b) Cleanliness should be maintained continuously while avoiding secretion from infected children c) Use of antibiotic to prevent other children from being infected d) Limit movement of children Answer (b) Rationale This ensures that there are minimal infections spreading to child since they are the most vulnerable as compared to adults. Page 1310 Question Three Tonsils are among the infections affecting children. When children are given medical attention in the hospitals, parents are usually given guidelines to sue when they go home. What are the guidelines provided to parents when they go home? Answer a) Parents should avoid gurgling, vigorous brushing of teeth and use of ice coolers b) Parents should limit children movement to ease pain c) Parents should limit infected children from talking d) Parents should allow children to take what they want but they should not drink hot drinks Answer (a) Rationale For the purposes of ensuring that, no more infections will take place when the child goes home for parental care. Page 1313 Question Four What are the various types of pneumonia? Answer a) High fever pneumonia, lobar pneumonia b) Bronchus pneumonia, seasonal pneumonia c) Lobar Pneumonia, Bronchopneumonia and Interstitial Pneumonia d) Seasonal pneumonia Answer (c) Rationale To educate parents the different types of pneumonia so that they can know what their children are suffering. Additionally, they would know care to give their children. Page 1324 Question Five What is the nursing care for children infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome? Answer Hand washing should be strict for people with the infections Children should not be kept in crowded rooms Antibiotics and other medication should be offered Rationale This is properly done to ensure that there are no secondary infections and that the child is healed in time. Additionally, this care is done to ensure that there is no spreading of the disease. Page 1329 Chapter 47 Question One What are the nutrients that can lack in the growth of a child who is vegetarian? Answer a) Lack of enough proteins for growth and calories for energy b) Lack of enough iron c) A deficiency of carbohydrates d) In some case, they may lack iodine Answer (a) Rationale This is for the purposes of helping vegetarian children. Parents might require preparing a diet that will suite them creating a healthy growth of the child. Page 1365 Question Two What are the categories for food sensitivities? Answer Food allergy/ hypersensitivity, Food intolerance Food allergy and food disorder Food intolerance and food disorder Food sensors and food allergies Answer (a) Rationale Parents require to whether their children are allergic or sensitive to foods. For this reason, parents should ensure they have learned whether their children are food sensitive to know the type of diet they would need to offer their child. Page 1370 Question Three What is the treatment for lactose intolerance for children? Answer Total elimination of dairy products for the child is better but in some cases, minimal provision of these dairy products could be helpful for the child. Rationale This is extremely helpful for parents so that they cannot offer their children who are affected by lactose, dairy products. In this case, it will prevent any growth disorders that might occur. Question Four Many parents tend to wonder what the correct diet is for their children with no proper answer. For this reason nurse should be able to proper diets for parents to follow. What is the proper diet provided by nurses for children? Answers a) Parents should provide all the nutrients for the children especially those that are rich in growth of the body b) Parents should ensure that they do not provide excessive nutrients while others are deficient. c) Clean hygiene should be maintained in handling foods d) Food should be properly cooked Answer (a) Rationale Parents have a proper hygiene and ideal of a diet that they should provide their children with incase they do not have an idea. Secondly, it ensures a healthy growth in children when they are growing up. Page 1374 Question Five What are the diagnostic evaluations for a child suffering from acute gastroenteritis? Answer a) Checking of medical history b) Checking the symptoms exhibited by the children c) Checking whether there are other infections that could be causing this symptoms d) All the above Answer (d) Rationale The purposes of this are to ensure that the child is given the correct diagnosis. This makes sure that there is no confusion and the child is provided with the correct care depending on the ailment or disorders he or she is suffering from. Page 1386 Chapter 48 Question One What are the common signs for digoxin toxicity in children? Answer a) Anorexia b) Vomiting c) Nausea d) Dysrhythmias e) Bradycardia f) All the above Answer (f) Rationale This is for the purposes of educating the parents to know what their child might be suffering from. Additionally, it helps parents and nurses to know the care they should provide for the child. Page 1460 Question Two What are the expected complications after cardiac surgery and treatment approaches? Answer a) Postoperative bleeding b) Anemia c) Congestive heart failure d) Pleural effusions e) All the above Answer (e) Rationale This is for the purposes of ensuring that the nurses know the after surgery care for the baby and what precautions they should take to avoid the mentioned disorders. Additionally, the parents are also educated in case they come across these disorders. Page 1470 Question Three What is the nursing care provided to children suffering from anti cardiovascular disorder? Answer a) Counseling parents on the care they are supposed to offer the children b) The nurse should ensure to tell the parents to inform dentists of the ailments incase they visit one c) Nurses should provide detailed information on any disorders or symptoms that might be expected d) The nurse should visit the child regularly Answer (b) Rationale This aims at educating the parents of any symptoms that might occur. In this case, they reduce stress related case from the side of the parents. Finally, the child is attended to properly. Question Four What is the care offered to a child suffering from cardiomyopathy? Answer a) Many activities should be restricted b) Children should be involved in decision making regarding the activities to take c) Care should be provided to the children for proper health facilities d) All the above Answer (d) Rationale In this case, patients are made aware that their child is suffering from a serious ailment so they should take proper care for the children. Page 1478 Question Five What are the main areas to investigate when checking cardiac history? Answer a) Poor feedings habits b) Poor weight gain c) Frequent infections of the track d) None of the above Answer (c) Rationale This helps the nurses establishes the causes of causing cardiac diseases. In this case, the nurses will be able to prevent the disease as quickly as possible. Page 1487 Chapter 49 Question One What are the consequences that appear to a child who is infected with anemia? Answer a) It causes greater amounts of blood to return to the heart and lead to cardiac failure b) Older children might are have high growth rate c) It can cause growth retardation to all children d) Children form poor social skills Answer (a) Rationale Anemia causes difficulties in the pumping blood thus cause blood to move back to the heart. This leads to cardiac failure. Page 1492 Question Two When treating sickle cell anemia a nurse is supposed to have objectives. This is because if there are no objectives it might continue to spread. What are the objectives of treating sickle cell anemia? Answer a) To ensure little energy is lost and the oxygen that is being used b) To provide blood replacement blood replacement c) Provision of antibiotics to treat any infection d) All the above Above (d) Rationale All the above choices are correct because a nurse is supposed to ensure that anemia is treated and the suffering child is not infected again. Page 1497 Question Three Red blood cells are extremely vital to the body. If they decrease, they cause certain effects. What effects are caused by red blood cells? Answer a) Nutritional deficiency and born marrow failure b) Bodily weakness c) Fatigue in the part of the child d) None of the above Answer (a) Rationale The main aim is to educate the parents and the nurses the consequences of having a decrease red blood cell production in the body of a child. Question Four Iron deficiency anemia is not that common to children. However, when it infects it is dangerous. Therefore, how is iron deficiency anemia managed by parents? Answer a) Children are provided with iron supplements b) Children are maintained given proper care with extreme cautions c) Parents are advised to monitor the activities of the children d) All the above Answer (d) Rationale This is because all the above choices are effective when it comes to manage iron deficiency anemia. They ensure that it does not infect the child again. Page 1494 Question Five Therapy is important to sickle cell anemia patients. What are the important of therapy in sickle cell anemia? Answer a) Preventing the sickling phenomena responsible for other infections and prevent the medical emergencies of sickle cell crisis b) To offer antibiotics to the child c) Preventing infection by isolating other children d) Limiting activities for the different children Answer (a) Rationale The management of anemia ensures that no more infections continue. Additionally, it ensures that the cell does not continue to spread. Chapter 50 Question one What are the various tracts that are used to describe the urinary tract disorders? Answers a) Bacteriuria this is the presence of bacteria on the urine b) Asymptomatic bacteriruria c) Symptomatic Bacteriuria d) Recurrent UTI e) Persistent UTI f) Febrile UTI g) Cystitis h) Urethritis i) Urosepsis j) All the above Answer (j) Rationale Nurses can be able to record the difference terms from different location Page 1530 Question Two What are the needs of treating UTI? Answer a) To eliminate any current infections b) Establish the contributing factors to reduce the risks of occurring c) To preventing the systematic spread of the infections d) All the above Answer (d) Rationale Help caregivers know how to manage UTI. Page 1533 Question Three What are the nursing goals for urinary tract obstruction? a) To assists in the diagnosis of the disorder b) Help in catering for any problems resulting from the disorder c) Identify any cases of urinary tract obstruction d) All the above Answer (d) Rationale Nurses tend to forget their aims for this reason, this reminds nurses what they are supposed to do for the patient. Page 1535 Question Four Urinary tract obstruction must be maintained. What is the importance of maintaining? a) Reducing of urinary protein excretion and infections b) Reduction infections for the child c) Prevention fluid exposures d) Preventing excess urinary discharge Answer a) Rationale The main purposes are to prevent any infections for the child. Page 1537 Question Five Many parents do not know what age of children are affected by hymoletic uremic syndrome. For this reason what is the age that affects children with hymoletic uremic syndrome? a) 6 10 year b) 5 months 5 years c) Below 5 months d) 10 years and above Answer (b) Rationale At this age the immune system is forming therefore, they are prone to acquiring this disease especially if they have any other infections. Page 1540 Chapter 51 Question One Pupils of the eyes are extremely important in evaluating whether people are sick or not. If the pupils are not moving when unconscious they signify? a) There is an infection b) The child is well c) There are signs of brain damage d) The child lacks fluids in the body Answer (c) Rationale This shows that the brain is not functioning thus the patient is having a brain disorder. Question Two People tend to ignore nursing care for a child who is unconscious. What are the importances of nursing care? a) Record any information including changes or activities that might occur b) Treat the child c) Diagnose the child of any ailments incase of infection d) Ensure the child does not harm him or herself Answer (a) Rationale Nurses record information for the doctors to use in diagnosing. Secondly, the parents need to know whether the child is at risk or not. Page 1558 Question Three When a child is in a coma, the parents are often in constant stress. The main problem comes when the child dies. For this reason, what is the care given to parents? Therapy and counseling Parents usually have the same ailments therefore they should be treated The should be advised to go home None of the above Answer (a) Rationale Parents are usually in shock when a child dies. In most cases, they might not be together. Therefore, they need counseling to reduce the shock. Page 1562 Question Four Neurological examinations are extremely important. What are the importances? Help in deciding other diseases that might affect the patient Evaluate the extent of diseases Ensure prevention of disorders Establish basic neurological information Answer (d) Rationale Neurological information is important to establish what causes the infection whether hereditary or not. Page 1553 Question Five What is the importance of ventricular puncture? Preventing infections preventing chances of getting brain disorders Reduces disease and infections in the body Reduces chances of acquiring other infections in the body Reduces weight loss in the body Answer (a) Rationale Ventricular pressure reduces pressure reducing infections and other chances of getting brain disorders. Page 1556 Buy custom Acute Respiratory Track Infections essay

Free Essays on Mind And Body

The Mind-Body Issue The mind/body issue in philosophy asks many questions. At first, what are these things, these substances, that we call ‘mind’ and ‘body’? What are their individual natures? Are they the same thing? Or are they fundamentally different things? And if they are different, how do they interact? Do they interact? And if they interact, for what purpose do they interact? Such questions have plagued philosophy since at least Plato, leading some to privilege mind over matter, and leading others to believe that all that exists is mind idealism, and still others to argue that all that exists are bodies or physical matter materialism. In idealism and materialism, there would seem to be a similar impulse to make the mind/body problem go away. But true theories of mind and body do not attempt to rid one side of the equation, either mind or body, but rather attempt to account for both sides in a coherent theory. Still, as noted, many philosophies and religions attempt to answer the question of mind and body by simply subordinating one side to the other. For example, it would seem that many, but not all religions privilege the mind over the body, perhaps given its apparent nature as an immaterial substance, like God, or our spiritual selves; the body, for its part, has come to be seen as little more than a lowly, transitive, and sinful substance-a very narrow view, I hold. The problem is that we degrade our bodies, and such degradation has ancient roots. In a general sense, the wedge between mind and body can be traced as far back as Plato, and to the sharp distinctions that he drew between the immaterial or eternal parts of ourselves and the decidedly lesser substance that is manifest in bodies or physical matter. Mind, in Plato, connects to the lofty or higher parts of ourselves, and is associated with Knowledge, Truth, Morality, and ultimately the Soul; and through the mind we have access to the eterna... Free Essays on Mind And Body Free Essays on Mind And Body Mind – body dualism is defined as the mind and the body being separate but connected. Meaning the body is complex and made up of a bunch of different parts. The mind is private and is full of emotions and feelings. In the essay called â€Å"Lived Body†, by Drew Leder, he says that one of the consequences of Cartesian dualism is our understanding of our bodies as more dead than alive. By this he means that we see and examine the body as if the person were dead. â€Å"†¦the living patient is often treated in a cadaverous or machine-like fashion† (page 121). When a person goes to see a doctor for a medical reason, the physical examination is similar to when a pathologist does an autopsy. â€Å"The patient is asked to assume a corpse-like pose, flat, passive, naked, mute† (page 121). Throughout the physical exam, the patient rarely talks because the physician is concentrating on listening for possible heart complications, problems with the lungs or feelin g for abnormalities in the stomach. Leder suggests that the doctors treat the patients as machines. â€Å"Even when called upon to act or respond, it is largely in the machine-mode; the knee is tapped to provoke reflexes†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (page 121). â€Å"At the core of modern medical practice is the Cartesian revelation: the living body can be treated as essentially no different from a machine† (page 121). Leder thinks that this belief will have consequences. Leder says â€Å"the machine-model of the body has given rise not only to therapeutic triumphs but to limitations and distortions in medical practice. For example, it is by now a clichà © that modern medicine often neglects the import of psychosocial factors in the etiology and treatment of disease† (page 121). Meaning that it is almost expected that doctors neglect certain conditions. Not because it is the correct way to make a diagnosis or that those little details do not matter. Disregard of those details is expected because doctors see patients... Free Essays on Mind And Body The Mind-Body Issue The mind/body issue in philosophy asks many questions. At first, what are these things, these substances, that we call ‘mind’ and ‘body’? What are their individual natures? Are they the same thing? Or are they fundamentally different things? And if they are different, how do they interact? Do they interact? And if they interact, for what purpose do they interact? Such questions have plagued philosophy since at least Plato, leading some to privilege mind over matter, and leading others to believe that all that exists is mind idealism, and still others to argue that all that exists are bodies or physical matter materialism. In idealism and materialism, there would seem to be a similar impulse to make the mind/body problem go away. But true theories of mind and body do not attempt to rid one side of the equation, either mind or body, but rather attempt to account for both sides in a coherent theory. Still, as noted, many philosophies and religions attempt to answer the question of mind and body by simply subordinating one side to the other. For example, it would seem that many, but not all religions privilege the mind over the body, perhaps given its apparent nature as an immaterial substance, like God, or our spiritual selves; the body, for its part, has come to be seen as little more than a lowly, transitive, and sinful substance-a very narrow view, I hold. The problem is that we degrade our bodies, and such degradation has ancient roots. In a general sense, the wedge between mind and body can be traced as far back as Plato, and to the sharp distinctions that he drew between the immaterial or eternal parts of ourselves and the decidedly lesser substance that is manifest in bodies or physical matter. Mind, in Plato, connects to the lofty or higher parts of ourselves, and is associated with Knowledge, Truth, Morality, and ultimately the Soul; and through the mind we have access to the eterna...

How to Spell Exclamations of Laughter

How to Spell Exclamations of Laughter How to Spell Exclamations of Laughter How to Spell Exclamations of Laughter By Mark Nichol How does one spell the sound of an eruption of laughter? It depends on the species of mirth, and the list below offers suggestions based on such subtleties. Whether one seeks to indicate a character’s laughter in the manuscript of a novel or short story or to indicate actual or conjectural laughter in nonfiction, consider these guidelines. The basic expression of laughter is ha, though this onomatopoeic word can also express derision, especially when followed by an exclamation point, so writers should take care to provide context to clarify whether the word indicates amusement or ridicule. The former is more likely to be expressed with ha-ha (also styled â€Å"ha ha† or haha, though, as with many reduplicative terms, hyphenation is recommended). Greater dedication to expressing amusement is demonstrated by ha-ha-ha and so forth, though eventually, with enough reduplication, derangement is implied. Meanwhile, heh, or heh-heh, suggests pointedly mild amusement, or a suggestion of mischievous or smirking, sniggering, or lascivious amusement, so, again, context is helpful. He-he-he, or tee-hee (or tee-hee-hee) also imply mischief, though the implication is that the laughter is high pitched, and the humor is juvenile. Bwah-hah-hah, or mwah-hah-hah, is imitative of a comic book villain’s triumphant eruption of malicious laughter when overcoming the hero and is generally used facetiously to imply that one’s evil machinations have borne fruit. Ho-ho-ho, the form of expression employed by Santa Claus to express Christmas cheer in popular culture, suggests a full-bodied mirth, while hoo-hoo is indicative of obnoxious delight at, for example, being found to be right about something or having caught someone in a lie or transgression. Yuk-yuk-yuk (or, imitative of Curly of the Three Stooges, nyuk-nyuk-nyuk) suggests impish delight, though using the word yuks to refer to laughter suggests sarcasm or at best a comment on how something is not really that amusing. Derived from the Internet-speak acronym for â€Å"laugh out loud,† lol (or LOL) is rarely used as an expression in dialogue or within a quotation, though it may be uttered in conjunction with derisive eye-rolling. (The variations lolz and lulz may express scorn as well.) Many of these terms are ambiguous, so, as stated above, aid the reader with contextual clues to, for example, clarify whether the expression of humor is sincere or sarcastic. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:15 Terms for Those Who Tell the FutureEnglish Grammar 101: Verb Mood10 Humorous, Derisive, or Slang Synonyms for â€Å"Leader† or â€Å"Official†

Needs-Based Theories of Motivation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Needs-Based Theories of Motivation - Essay Example Before going to discuss three needs-based theories of motivation, let us get a better understanding of what motivation actually is. Motivation means to inspire people to make them achieve their personal or professional goals. In workplace settings, it is extremely important to motivate people to increase their productivity. Williams (2010) states, â€Å"Motivating people to do their best work, consistently, has been an enduring challenge for executives and managers†. Needs Theory by Douglas McClelland Douglas McClelland presented this theory of needs. The theorist reveals that there are three needs, which affect or shape the behaviors of people. Those needs include need for power, need for affiliation, and need for achievement. Power is another human need. In this world, every person has the desire to influence others in order to control their behaviors and actions but the level of desire to control other individual’s behaviors varies from person to person. People, who are motivated by power, want to dominate and shape other people’s views and behaviors. The need for achievement is another need of a person to achieve all personal and professional goals. People struggle in their lives to achieve their goals and objectives. Achievement of any type of goal makes people happy and confident. The third need is the need for affiliation. People want to make relationships with other people in order to remain active in the society.

Reflection assignment #3 on Nature Religion in America by Catherine Essay

Reflection assignment #3 on Nature Religion in America by Catherine Albanese on Pages 153-163; 171-185; 196-198 (ALL REQUIRED READING MATERIAL IS UPLOADED) - Essay Example On the basis of the data presented by Albanese, the nature religion is a manner of practice of belief that is based on being one with nature. Starting from the earliest trace of human civilization, such beliefs had been present and regardless of the modernity of times or the consciousness of the people, the nature’s religions keep on developing and diversifying. Although the literal objective of the author is to provide data regarding the presence and essence of the nature religion, the transcending meaning to the said practice is a fundamental message of the paper. One of the points presented in the paper is the fact that the most renowned religions, which are based on the presence of a godly entity above nature and humans, are questioned on the basis of sustainability in future times (p.175). This can be attributed to the fact that religion although set on faith, is one of the basis of society, culture and way of life of communities. For that matter, a look on the present state of nature can be considered that there is a dogma in the society and in the beliefs which is amiss. Based on the idea presented by the author, the main issue is that people needs to modify the belief that nature is meant for the human beings to consume and rule over. It can be considered that by recapitulating the religion of the ancestors, e.g. the native Americans, nature can be saved and people can respect and take care of the environment. This is based on the fact that the religion founded on nature states that human is not above nature but a part of it. Thus, as a part of himself nature is needed to be taken good care of. But if the said religion which is based on nature is that of the ancestors, then the hope of saving nature can be considered hopeless. To answer this, the author presented the succession of the development of the nature religion towards the present era. For that matter, human being can still have the change to attempt and endeavor the process of

Construction Health and Safety Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Construction Health and Safety - Essay Example For this reason, some insurance companies fear that handling these risky sites and vouching for the health and the lives of the employees involved in the job may cause them too much funds that may indeed jeopardize their financial stability. Hence, the establishment of the limit of the fund to be allotted for the said issue has already been passed and rather applied in business organizations today. There are certain standards that companies today need to abide with which gives them a chance to be accommodated by several insurance companies in support to the healthcare assurance that they need, however these provisions are guided by certain limitations that both employers and employees must carefully give attention to. This is especially true on the part of those who are involved in the construction industry. In this paper, the statement mentioned above with regards handling risks successfully as an employer, as an employee and as a team of people working together to establish a struc ture, shall be well discussed and assessed as to how much they should be recognized by the current construction project planners at present. Avionics Solution is a small business organization serving as one of the leaders in manufacturing avionics equipment. It started as a family-owned business that delivers quality products given to its regular clients. As of today, Avionics Solution is currently employing at least 48 personnels within its manufacturing facility. It is the main aim of the organization's administration to be of great help to its employees as well as with its clients. Through the establishment of a fine communication system that flows between the employers, the administrative sector and the rank and file employees, the organization's head officers try to bridge the gap existing between the said stakeholders of the organization. Clearly, the mission of the organization to serve the community with the best possible services it could offer have been understood by the organization's authorities to have been effectively sourced out from the establishment of fine camaraderie among the people making up the enti re company, including the employees as the primary actors within the organization's journey towards success. Certainly, Avionics Solution wants to make sure of its competitive status in the manufacturing industry by providing its employees a workplace that stimulates employee interaction and economic growth. However, with all the fine set of missions created by the administration for the entire organization to follow, it has been found out that most of the employees complained about the fact that there are several provisions not granted by the organization, which namely includes health insurance and retirement plan. It is then proposed in this plan paper that the said issue be addressed well. This is to help the company get assured that it would be able to stay in its status of competition within the industry, through its provision of the utmost important factors of consideration for its employees. The said plan proposal

MAT201 - Basic Statistics Speech or Presentation

MAT201 - Basic Statistics - Speech or Presentation Example I purposely chose the number of phone calls received and not phone calls made in order to avoid any possible bias, which might arise out of conscious and purposeful dialing of the phone. The observation collected was based on randomly taken data for 10 chosen days and the nature of this dataset is time series. The data was collected such that a single day’s call would not stimulate any received call for the following days. This was consciously done in order to avoid bias. Median value corresponds to observation=(n+1)/2, again if the number of observation is odd then we choose the middle value after arranging the observations in increasing order. Whereas if we have even number of observations as we have here, we take the mean of the two middle observations and it yields the median. The mean value of 13.7 calls (14 approx) is much more than what I expected. The busy schedule usually cuts down the number of phone calls to 10 per day. The average should have been somewhere around 10 or 11. The standard deviation is usually used to find the spread of the distribution of the available data set; here the number of phone calls in 10 days. It can also be said that it is a measure of variability. Square root of variance gives standard deviation. To find out whether the given data set follows normal distribution or not we plot the frequency as we may see that we do not get a symmetrical curve, so our inference is that the data do not follow Normal distribution. As it can be observed that the obtained frequency curve is not symmetrical, and hence we infer that the distribution is not Normal because the Normal distribution is a continuous distribution whereas the number of phone calls in 10 days is off course a discrete variable. Hence the most likely distribution that might be used is the Poisson distribution. Now we continue collecting the data on the number of phone calls for five more days. Our basic question in this context would be whether this changes the

Business statistics Project Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Business - Statistics Project Example In order to test the hypothesis, the significance level chosen was 0.05 while for constructing confidence interval a 95% confidence level was chosen. The data gathered through random sampling is attached in the Appendix. Since the sample size is large the independent sample t test was conducted for hypothesis testing assuming equal variances. The results showed that that the sample represented the population in a true manner while the hypothesis testing provided that there is no significant difference between male and female students in the IQ levels. The correlation between intelligence and gender has passed through several distinct phases. During the 19th century, when general adult suffrage was a social and political issue in some parts of the world, intelligence and gender was considered a topic of great interest for studying. Since, many proposed it as a requirement for allowing of suffrage that both male and female should have equal level of intelligence. Moreover, historically women were not allowed to excel in academics and were kept within the houses to perform domestic chores. The topic had remained under investigation since ages due to the social differences that prevailed between male and female and so has been incorporated in the study. Explorations on biological gender differences within the context of human psychology attempt to investigate the behavioral and cognitive differences between males and females. Such research makes use of experimental testing of cognition in diverse forms. These tests are based on the potential differences that may exist in areas like spatial reasoning, IQ, spatial reasoning, emotion, aggression, brain structure and its operation. Amongst the investigators around the world, it has always remained a challenging aspect whether intelligence has any correlation with gender differences. While investigating the differences of level of intelligence amongst

MAT201 - Basic Statistics Speech or Presentation

MAT201 - Basic Statistics - Speech or Presentation Example I purposely chose the number of phone calls received and not phone calls made in order to avoid any possible bias, which might arise out of conscious and purposeful dialing of the phone. The observation collected was based on randomly taken data for 10 chosen days and the nature of this dataset is time series. The data was collected such that a single day’s call would not stimulate any received call for the following days. This was consciously done in order to avoid bias. Median value corresponds to observation=(n+1)/2, again if the number of observation is odd then we choose the middle value after arranging the observations in increasing order. Whereas if we have even number of observations as we have here, we take the mean of the two middle observations and it yields the median. The mean value of 13.7 calls (14 approx) is much more than what I expected. The busy schedule usually cuts down the number of phone calls to 10 per day. The average should have been somewhere around 10 or 11. The standard deviation is usually used to find the spread of the distribution of the available data set; here the number of phone calls in 10 days. It can also be said that it is a measure of variability. Square root of variance gives standard deviation. To find out whether the given data set follows normal distribution or not we plot the frequency as we may see that we do not get a symmetrical curve, so our inference is that the data do not follow Normal distribution. As it can be observed that the obtained frequency curve is not symmetrical, and hence we infer that the distribution is not Normal because the Normal distribution is a continuous distribution whereas the number of phone calls in 10 days is off course a discrete variable. Hence the most likely distribution that might be used is the Poisson distribution. Now we continue collecting the data on the number of phone calls for five more days. Our basic question in this context would be whether this changes the

Critical Analysis of the problems facing manners Europe Coursework

Critical Analysis of the problems facing manners Europe - Coursework Example The challenges are often worsened even more with lack of knowledge about such differences or sensitivity to such differences, which may impact interactions and the manner in which business is done. Sometimes even those who do understand the significance of the national differences, often mistakenly their way of doing things is the best and most successful. Every country at least has some differences in the way business is done, human resource is planned, people are motivated, and even labour laws practised (Plessis, 2010:180; Mead, 2009). The varying values, behaviours, and beliefs that people hold are critical to the success of human resource management of an international business. This paper analyses the various human resource challenges and problems that Manners Europe faces in its Netherlands office. It will do so using various a numbers of theoretical frameworks such as Hall’s High Low context theory and Hofstede’s five dimensions theory to critically understand t hese problems. Case analysis Problems facing Manners Europe Based on the case experience of Manners Europe, it can be noted that the company division is faced with operational and people management problems. This can be attributed to the different ways that the Dutch carry about their business operations and the export of the parent company’s United States management style in the Netherlands business operations management. The key problems noted from Manners Europe situation include: Problems in motivational tactics used Problems in reward management Communication problems Problems in effective recruiting and retention of employees Problem with management style Problem as to whether a European or American as Tom Steiger’s successor These problems are as analysed below: Problems in motivational tactics used Different people value different things and it is these things valued that often impact the kind of motivation strategies. This implies that motivation is highly imp acted by culture as it is culture that impacts the values that people hold. It is imperative that what employee value and what motivates be clearly understood so that effective working motivation strategies can be employed (Hofstede, 2011). This denotes that in order to understand the problems as to why the pay for performance motivation tactics currently used in Manners Europe are not working it is imperative to understand what the Dutch value and what motivates them based on their cultures. Analysing case based on the Dutch culture using Gert Hofstede’s five cultural dimensions (Mead, 2009; Brewster, Sparrow, and Vernon, 2011), it can be noted that the Dutch are more individualistic persons who places prefer a loosely knit social network and place high value in taking care of their own needs and those of their immediate families only rather than groups. This is clearly noted in the employees’ emphasis on meeting their social needs and the needs of their families rath er than feeling obliged to meet the needs of the organisation (Verburg et al, 1999:397; Hofstede, 2011). The Dutch are less aggressive and competitive but rather place great emphasis on the quality of life and a good work life balance, and also place a high value on codes of beliefs (Tod, 2004:28; Hofstede, 2011). The business ethics between the Dutch and Americans are different. While

College Education Essay Example for Free

College Education Essay What makes college education so important? College is not just a choice, its the beginning of a lifelong journey, one that will shape and determine future choices, decisions and purposes. College is going to help you determine a career that you want to pursue. It will help and guide you in the right direction but you have to be the one to put in the effort. But some may say college is a waste, and will not make their life any better. Some will ask what makes a good college, what do you look for and at. College is one of the most important aspects of succeeding in today’s world. College is much more than just a degree in college you also learn how to learn, perhaps one of the most important things you can get out of college. Once you understand how to gather information by reading books about a subject, determine what information is important and what is not, and how to put it all together, you can master any subject, often without even going to college. By the way, doing a few Google searches and gathering information off the web that may or may not be accurate is not doing research, though it is a useful way to get a quick explanation on what a subject is and is good to find out what material is good to read. According to Bridget who was the first of her sisters and brothers to graduate from The University of Toledo with a Masters in Accounting said college wasn’t a choice her parents said she had to go to college. Even though at the time she was attending college she didn’t think it was important and necessary, because back then it was easier to get a job without a college degree. But now she’s happy she went because now she has her dream job, and is making a lot of money. Now she has a life that she never knew would happen to her. She also has the skills she needs to help someone else reach their goals in life. When she first started college she didn’t know what she wanted to do and she didn’t take it seriously. She partied all the time, was late to all her classes and didn’t do most of her assignments, she barely managed to get all C’s in her classes. She didn’t really start to take college seriously until her third year in college. But once she started to pay attention more and was more focused, she knew she had to get her act together if she wanted to be something in life. And she also knew she went to the right college. What makes a great college and what are you looking for the college to have? Linda said she looked at their approach to teaching and their overall education experience. She also looked for the student-faculty ratio and average class size. (Is she going to get individualized attention in her classes or just be one in a crowd? Or do she want my professors to know her name? Are they accessible outside of class if she needed extra help on homework or projects. She also looked at their medical program. (What are their general ed requirements? Would she have to take classes in several disciplines? Is there a senior project requirement? Is there a first year seminar, academic boot camp class required for all freshmen? ). she also looked at how many credits needed and gpa she needed for her major, and also how many credits she needed to graduate. And how classes are structured (lecture, discussion-based, large lecture with small discussion groups, very hands-on, lots of group projects or papers.. etc). Do they have activities she like (including athletics that she might want to do)? Is the school diverse/ homogenous? How good is their financial aid and can she afford attending there? Are the dorms nice or shabby? Are you required to live in the dorms for 1-2 years or do most students commute from home? Do students get jobs right away after graduation? Does the school have a high dropout rate? Linda said those are some of the things she looked at when she made her choice to attend the University of Cincinnati. She glad she made her choice and would do it all over again. But some would think college is a waste of time. According to Mark he said the older I get, the less sure I am about this notion that a college education is essential for a good life. As far as important important for what? Making more money? Then I guess you could make the argument it is more important, however, some of the worlds richest and most successful men (Bill Gates, Larry Ellison, etc) drop out. Happiness? Actually the research shows that those who perform physical jobs, that typically dont require a college education, tend to be happier. Also, college will be no help for someone that is not prepared for it. Should a woefully underprepared student get accepted to a school. Take out several thousands in loans and somehow manage to just barely graduate, she/he would be much worse of than if she/he had never gone to college as they are not going to get a job ahead of the sea of infinitely more qualified applicants and have to resort to unskilled labor. Had said person gone to a trade school, would have been much better off. Despite these views on college education you are the one who has a choice to make. Do you want to go to college or do you think college is just not for you. That’s on you, you are the one who has to live with it no one else

Constructivist Curriculum Framework for Maths and Science

Constructivist Curriculum Framework for Maths and Science Through investigating his world, a child uses natural curiosity to formulate theories and construct knowledge. Incorporating big ideas into the curriculum, teachers can engage children as they develop a deeper understanding of concepts that are related (Chaillà ¨ Davis, 2016). Further supporting childrens learning, assessments are crucial in formulating instruction, and understanding what a child knows and can do. A culmination of the aforementioned strategies will be discussed, in relation to the constructivist learning theory. Constructivism Theory Constructivism learning theory is a philosophy which enhances students rational and conceptual growth. The basic premise within constructivism, is the function experiences, or connections, play in a childs learning. In an attempt to understand his world, a child reflects on his experiences to build new knowledge (Chaillà ¨ Davis, 2016). A child is an active participant in creating knowledge. When he encounters something new, he reconciles it with previous ideas, abandons irrelevant information, and generates new knowledge. Constructivism does not dismiss the crucial role teachers play in facilitating learning. Teachers are instrumental in creating the learning environment, as well as opportunities for theory-building through utilizing big ideas (Chaillà ¨ Davis, 2016). Through the guidance of an expert, a child is encouraged to learn at a higher level. Theory-Building in Young Children The constructivists approach views children with a natural desire to understand his or her world. To comprehend, a child develops theories, explores the theories, and constructs new knowledge based on the results and what he already knows While teaching a unit on animals, students became particularly interested in penguins, and why they have wings but do not fly. The teacher decides to allow the children to further explore penguins as part of a research unit. The children discover that penguins use their wings to swim, and are excellent swimmers. This discovery prompted some students to develop a theory that all animals with wings are good swimmers. The teacher schedules a tour to the local zoo to observe several winged animals; some of which who swim, and some who do not. During the visit, students had several questions about specific animals, and began to understand that not all animals who have wings can swim. The children initially believed all animals with wings can fly. After l earning that penguins have wings, but use them to swim, the students understood that not all animals with wings can fly. They then adjust their thinking again to believe all animals with wings can swim. Through this process of theory-building, the students constructed new knowledge about winged animals. Big Ideas in Instruction Building on topics that interest children, big ideas provide structure that promote further learning (Chaillà ¨ Davis, 2016). Utilizing big ideas, children develop a curiosity about concepts, and are better able to make sense of otherwise isolated facts. Learning concepts that are connected to an overarching idea, support more comprehensive understanding (Chaillà ¨ Davis, 2016). A big idea that can be used in the early childhood classroom, is the big idea relationships. Engaging students through the study of community helpers, and how they can help them, could encompass various areas of the curriculum. Music can be incorporated as songs are sung about various community helper jobs. Exploring community helper vehicles, students would have the opportunity to sort small toy vehicles according to characteristics, or finger paint a picture of the vehicles. These activities promote fine motor skills. An art component can also be integrated, as children draw, or finger paint pictures of the vehicle that are used to help the community. Playing various helpers jobs, could create opportunities for children to explore and discover how various tools are used to perform the jobs. This can also invite discussion about the exchange of goods or services. Through play, children will interact with each other and the environment, developing interest in the big ideas that frame them (Chaillà ¨ Davis, 2016). Music and movement can be incorporated as children sing songs about the helpers, and pretend to do each job. Assessing Math and Science Assessments should support a childs learning of math and science concepts. Appropriate assessment methods are vital to evaluating what a child has learned, and forming future instruction. When assessing young childrens conceptual development in math and science, educators must consider the course of development for each child, as well as his or her culture and background (Chaillà ¨ Davis, 2016). Evaluation of the skills learned by young children must rely upon practices that fit expected learning skills and behavior for their stage, and adjust as appropriate to support growth and development. Posing specific open-ended questions, assessments should be conducted in various settings, including whole group, and one on one situations to acquire an actual picture of the childs comprehension of concepts (Chaillà ¨ Davis, 2016). Assessment Guides Instruction The overall objective of assessments, is to assist teachers in making appropriate instructional decisions regarding how to best teach children. Each childs learning should be assessed as part of an ongoing cycle of planning, documenting, and evaluation. Following, or during instruction, an assessment is conducted and analyzed to formulate decisions to re-teach, offer further support, or proceed with the current plan (Chaillà ¨ Davis, 2016). Assessment Documentation Documentation includes, gathering and analyzing information about childrens knowledge and is vital to the process of assessing childrens learning. Through various types of documentation, evidence of a childs though process is preserved to support the teachers analysis (Chaillà ¨ Davis, 2016). Two forms of documentation that support assessments are, recording comments of children as they work and, compiling a book of childrens illustrations (Chaillà ¨ Davis, 2016). Recording children, and their conversation while working, provides significant information regarding the learning and thought process. As children are encouraged to make representations of their learning, and provided with the tools necessary, they can represent their understanding of a concept (Chaillà ¨ Davis, 2016). The finished product can be compiled into a class book and serve as documentation of their learning. Both methods are useful when discussing progress with the child, or with families. Interviewing for Assessment Consisting of four main parts, the flexible interview allows the child to manipulate materials as he or she explains their thought process (Chaillà ¨ Davis, 2016). This method gives the teacher insight into the childs thinking Conducting an interview is an effective tool to assess childrens understanding of math and science concepts. Interviewing gathers valuable information that will aid the teacher in understanding the childs thinking, and plan effective lessons that meet the needs of each child (Chaillà ¨ Davis, 2016). Conclusion The constructivist approach focuses on a child constructing learning based on his experiences. Because of his desire to comprehend the world, a child will build and apply theories to develop understanding, resulting in the formation of new learning. The teacher can aid children in learning at a higher level, by implementing big ideas in the curriculum. Assessments are also instrumental in promoting a childs learning. Assessments in math and science can inform a teacher about what the child knows and can do. In the absence of assessments, teaching would be comprised of lessons and activities that move forward, whether they make sense, or a child understands or not. Through assessment, and documentation, instruction is formulated to meet the needs of all children. References Chaillà ©, C., Davis, S. M. (2016). Integrating math and science in early childhood classrooms through big ideas: A constructivist approach. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, Inc. Through investigating his world, a child uses natural curiosity to formulate theories and construct knowledge. Incorporating big ideas into the curriculum, teachers can engage children as they develop a deeper understanding of concepts that are related (Chaillà ¨ Davis, 2016). Further supporting childrens learning, assessments are crucial in formulating instruction, and understanding what a child knows and can do. A culmination of the aforementioned strategies will be discussed, in relation to the constructivist learning theory. Constructivism Theory Constructivism learning theory is a philosophy which enhances students rational and conceptual growth. The basic premise within constructivism, is the function experiences, or connections, play in a childs learning. In an attempt to understand his world, a child reflects on his experiences to build new knowledge (Chaillà ¨ Davis, 2016). A child is an active participant in creating knowledge. When he encounters something new, he reconciles it with previous ideas, abandons irrelevant information, and generates new knowledge. Constructivism does not dismiss the crucial role teachers play in facilitating learning. Teachers are instrumental in creating the learning environment, as well as opportunities for theory-building through utilizing big ideas (Chaillà ¨ Davis, 2016). Through the guidance of an expert, a child is encouraged to learn at a higher level. Theory-Building in Young Children The constructivists approach views children with a natural desire to understand his or her world. To comprehend, a child develops theories, explores the theories, and constructs new knowledge based on the results and what he already knows While teaching a unit on animals, students became particularly interested in penguins, and why they have wings but do not fly. The teacher decides to allow the children to further explore penguins as part of a research unit. The children discover that penguins use their wings to swim, and are excellent swimmers. This discovery prompted some students to develop a theory that all animals with wings are good swimmers. The teacher schedules a tour to the local zoo to observe several winged animals; some of which who swim, and some who do not. During the visit, students had several questions about specific animals, and began to understand that not all animals who have wings can swim. The children initially believed all animals with wings can fly. After l earning that penguins have wings, but use them to swim, the students understood that not all animals with wings can fly. They then adjust their thinking again to believe all animals with wings can swim. Through this process of theory-building, the students constructed new knowledge about winged animals. Big Ideas in Instruction Building on topics that interest children, big ideas provide structure that promote further learning (Chaillà ¨ Davis, 2016). Utilizing big ideas, children develop a curiosity about concepts, and are better able to make sense of otherwise isolated facts. Learning concepts that are connected to an overarching idea, support more comprehensive understanding (Chaillà ¨ Davis, 2016). A big idea that can be used in the early childhood classroom, is the big idea relationships. Engaging students through the study of community helpers, and how they can help them, could encompass various areas of the curriculum. Music can be incorporated as songs are sung about various community helper jobs. Exploring community helper vehicles, students would have the opportunity to sort small toy vehicles according to characteristics, or finger paint a picture of the vehicles. These activities promote fine motor skills. An art component can also be integrated, as children draw, or finger paint pictures of the vehicle that are used to help the community. Playing various helpers jobs, could create opportunities for children to explore and discover how various tools are used to perform the jobs. This can also invite discussion about the exchange of goods or services. Through play, children will interact with each other and the environment, developing interest in the big ideas that frame them (Chaillà ¨ Davis, 2016). Music and movement can be incorporated as children sing songs about the helpers, and pretend to do each job. Assessing Math and Science Assessments should support a childs learning of math and science concepts. Appropriate assessment methods are vital to evaluating what a child has learned, and forming future instruction. When assessing young childrens conceptual development in math and science, educators must consider the course of development for each child, as well as his or her culture and background (Chaillà ¨ Davis, 2016). Evaluation of the skills learned by young children must rely upon practices that fit expected learning skills and behavior for their stage, and adjust as appropriate to support growth and development. Posing specific open-ended questions, assessments should be conducted in various settings, including whole group, and one on one situations to acquire an actual picture of the childs comprehension of concepts (Chaillà ¨ Davis, 2016). Assessment Guides Instruction The overall objective of assessments, is to assist teachers in making appropriate instructional decisions regarding how to best teach children. Each childs learning should be assessed as part of an ongoing cycle of planning, documenting, and evaluation. Following, or during instruction, an assessment is conducted and analyzed to formulate decisions to re-teach, offer further support, or proceed with the current plan (Chaillà ¨ Davis, 2016). Assessment Documentation Documentation includes, gathering and analyzing information about childrens knowledge and is vital to the process of assessing childrens learning. Through various types of documentation, evidence of a childs though process is preserved to support the teachers analysis (Chaillà ¨ Davis, 2016). Two forms of documentation that support assessments are, recording comments of children as they work and, compiling a book of childrens illustrations (Chaillà ¨ Davis, 2016). Recording children, and their conversation while working, provides significant information regarding the learning and thought process. As children are encouraged to make representations of their learning, and provided with the tools necessary, they can represent their understanding of a concept (Chaillà ¨ Davis, 2016). The finished product can be compiled into a class book and serve as documentation of their learning. Both methods are useful when discussing progress with the child, or with families. Interviewing for Assessment Consisting of four main parts, the flexible interview allows the child to manipulate materials as he or she explains their thought process (Chaillà ¨ Davis, 2016). This method gives the teacher insight into the childs thinking Conducting an interview is an effective tool to assess childrens understanding of math and science concepts. Interviewing gathers valuable information that will aid the teacher in understanding the childs thinking, and plan effective lessons that meet the needs of each child (Chaillà ¨ Davis, 2016). Conclusion The constructivist approach focuses on a child constructing learning based on his experiences. Because of his desire to comprehend the world, a child will build and apply theories to develop understanding, resulting in the formation of new learning. The teacher can aid children in learning at a higher level, by implementing big ideas in the curriculum. Assessments are also instrumental in promoting a childs learning. Assessments in math and science can inform a teacher about what the child knows and can do. In the absence of assessments, teaching would be comprised of lessons and activities that move forward, whether they make sense, or a child understands or not. Through assessment, and documentation, instruction is formulated to meet the needs of all children. References Chaillà ©, C., Davis, S. M. (2016). Integrating math and science in early childhood classrooms through big ideas: A constructivist approach. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, Inc.

Free Essays - Impatience and Disrespect in Oedipus the King (Rex) :: Oedipus the King Oedipus Rex

Impatience and Disrespect in Oedipus the King A bad attitude causes most fights between people. People showing disrespect by saying hurtful or crazy words without thinking them through upsets almost everyone. In the play, Oedipus the King, written by Sophocles, Oedipus was trying to find the murderer of his predecessor, King Laius. In doing so, Oedipus' impatience caused quarrels that brought out his paranoia and hot-temper. Oedipus' impatience was flagrant during his search for Laius' assassin. Oedipus threatened the citizens of Thebes, the city in which Oedipus ruled, to come forward if they knew anything about the murder of Laius. "I order you, every citizen of the state where I hold throne and power: banish this man-whoever he may be-never shelter him, never speak a word to him, never make him partner to your prayers, your victims burned to gods..."(172). Oedipus was impatient to find Laius, and in his impatience he had no toleration for citizens hiding the criminal, even though the criminal was himself. Later on, Oedipus called on Tiresias, a blind prophet, to help find Laius' killer. Oedipus was trying to force Tiresias to tell the story that Tiresias was hiding. "Nothing! You, you scum of the earth, you'd enrage a heart of stone! You won't talk? Nothing moves you? Out with it, once and for all!"(178). Oedipus was so impatient with Tiresias that he insulted and degraded Tiresias. After speaking with Tiresias, Oedipus had a contention with his wife's brother, Creon. Oedipus had proclaimed Creon the assassin of Laius and created the plot of Creon's supposed wrongdoing. Oedipus exclaimed, "Then leave me alone-get out!"(198). Oedipus would not accept any other idea than Creon being the killer, so when Creon tried to defend himself, Oedipus grew impatient and sent Creon away. Oedipus' impatience was the spark for his paranoia. Without his impatience, Oedipus would not have jumped to so many harsh, offensive, and paranoid conclusions. Oedipus' paranoia estranged him from people he was close to. One of the main examples of Oedipus' paranoia was the discussion he had with Tiresias. Oedipus came up with ideas in his head that Tiresias was more than what he seemed. "Oh I'll let loose, I have such fury in me-now I see it all.

Subsistence Agriculture

How is intensive subsistence agriculture distinguished from extensive subsistence cropping? Why, in your opinion, have such different land use forms developed in separate areas of the warm, moist tropics? Intensive agriculture is the primary subsistence pattern of large-scale, populous societies. It results in much more food being produced per acre compared to other subsistence patterns. Beginning about 5,000 years ago, the development of intensive farming methods became necessary as the human population grew in some major river valleys to levels beyond the carrying capacity of the environment using horticulture and pastoralism.The transition to intensive agriculture was originally made possible by water management systems and the domestication of large animals for pulling plows. This allowed farmers to get below the top soil to bring buried nutrients up to the surface. It also allowed farmers to maintain much larger fields of crops. Subsistence agriculture is performed by one family , typically. Enough food is generated for that one family to subsist or survive.This is different than agriculture practiced in western capitalist countries, wherein the product is economically profitable, and not just limited to an amount of food produced that allows one family to subsist. Humid tropic conditions are found over nearly 50 per cent of the tropical land mass and 20 per cent of the earth's total land surface an area of about 3 billion hectares. Tropical Central and South America contain about 45 per cent of the world's humid tropics, Africa about 30 percent, and Asia about 25 per cent.As many as 62 countries are located partly or entirely within the humid tropics. Agricultural systems and techniques that have evolved from ancient times to meet the special environmental conditions of the humid tropics include the paddy rice of South-East Asia, terrace, mound, and drained field systems, raised bed systems (such as the chinampas of Mexico and Central America), and a varie ty of agroforestry, shifting cultivation, home garden, and natural forest systems.These systems share common elements, such as high retention of essential nutrients, maintenance of vegetative cover, high diversity of crops and crop varieties, complex spatial and temporal cropping patterns, and the integration of domestic and wild animals into the system. Changes and land transformation in the tropics are occurring at a much faster rate; in some cases, areas are completely transformed and often degraded beyond economically feasible restoration within one generation.Many of the traditional and ancient systems have been deeply modified or abandoned owing to economic, cultural, and social pressures. Question #2 What economic or ecological problems can you cite that do or might affect the gathering industries of forestry and fishing in North America? What is the maximum sustainable yield? Is that concept related to the problems you discerned? The agriculture, forestry, and fishing sector s are the cornerstone of industries that produce and market food, fiber, and fuel.Collectively, the three sectors make up a huge component of the U. S. economy and are a major employer in the United States. Annually, these industries generate more than $1 trillion and create exports exceeding $68 billion. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) estimates that more than 5. 5 million workers are employed in agriculture, forestry, and fishing. These sectors also consistently rank in the top six most hazardous occupations; fishermen and loggers have the highest fatality rates.Collectively, the three sectors consistently have the highest injury and fatality rates of any U. S. industries, so the overall effect on the safety and health of exposed populations in agricultural, forestry, and fishing worksites is enormous. In population ecology and economics, the maximum sustainable yield or MSY is, theoretically, the largest catch that can be taken from a fishery sto ck over an indefinite period. Under the assumption of logistic growth, the MSY will be exactly at half the carrying capacity of a species, as this is the stage at when population growth is highest.The maximum sustainable yield is usually higher than the optimum sustainable yield. This logistic model of growth is produced by a population introduced to a new habitat or with very poor numbers going through a lag phase of slow growth at first. Once it reaches a foothold population it will go through a rapid growth rate that will start to level off once the species approaches carrying capacity. The idea of maximum sustained yield is to decrease population density to the point of highest growth rate possible.This changes the number of the population, but the new number can be maintained indefinitely, ideally. MSY is extensively used for fisheries management. MSY in most modern fisheries models occurs at around 30% of the unexploited population size. This fraction differs among populations depending on the life history of the species and the age-specific selectivity of the fishing method. However, the approach has been widely criticized as ignoring several key factors involved in fisheries management and has led to the devastating collapse of many fisheries.As a simple calculation, it ignores the size and age of the animal being taken, its reproductive status, and it focuses solely on the species in question, ignoring the damage to the ecosystem caused by the designated level of exploitation and the issue of by catch. Question #3 How, in your opinion, do the concepts or practices of comparative advantage and outsources affect the industrial structure of advanced and developing countries? In economics, the theory of comparative advantage refers to the ability of a person or a country to produce a particular good or service at a lower marginal and opportunity cost over another.Even if one country is more efficient in the production of all goods than the other, both cou ntries will still gain by trading with each other, as long as they have different relative efficiencies. The outsourcing of U. S. jobs overseas is part of an economic movement that promises a better life — indeed, a new beginning — for many people in developing countries. It gives technologically savvy young people in countries like India livelihoods that move them into the ranks of the middle class. On the other hand, workers in industrialized nations are being displaced in large numbers.Comparably well-paying jobs are not being created fast enough to make up for the positions headed offshore. Outsourcing has gained notoriety in recent months because of the accelerating volume of job transfers overseas and the sudden vulnerability of high-tech and service occupations that were once thought immune to trade displacement. Services that used to be nontradable (back-office operations, call centers, data management and accounting sectors) have now been made fully tradable b ecause of advances in communications and computational technologies.Location is increasingly insignificant in the provision of these services. Moreover, the ready availability of large pools of technically capable and computer-savvy workers overseas has eroded what traditionally had been considered the distinct preserve of the U. S. and other developed countries: sophisticated, high-end technologies. Developed countries, too, have been major beneficiaries, since their comparative advantage lies in the trade of manufactures, services, intellectual property and capital. Industrialized countries have been vocal in promoting trade openness in these areas and have fiercely defended the need to respect and enforce intellectual property rights (e. g. , pharmaceutical patents and software).There are, of course, adjustment costs that accompany trade, since segments of local populations are hurt by open markets. Despite these costs, poor countries have subscribed to international trade rules and have slowly but steadily opened their markets in those economic sectors (especially manufactures and services) where industrialized countries have much to gain.Having reaped enormous profits from free trade in those areas where they enjoy a distinct comparative advantage, developed countries violate procedural justice whenever they curtail or suppress the liberalization of markets in which they have a comparative disadvantage. This is exactly what the European Union, Japan and the U. S. have done in food markets, making poor countries unable fully to reap the gains of their comparative advantage (agricultural crops). The industrialized nations have steadfastly refused to open up trade in farm goods in an effort to protect farmers from being displaced by global trade. Works Cited:* Jorge, Niosi & Majlinda, Zhequ. â€Å"Aerospace Clusters: Local or Global Knowledge Spillovers? † March 2005. . * Virgin, Bill. â€Å"Global Economy Complicates Outsourcing. † Seattlepi. com. 24 January 2006. . * Lee, Dwight R. â€Å"Comparative Advantage Continued† The Freeman: Ideas on Liberty – October 1999. http://www. fee. org/publications/the-freeman/article. asp? aid=4962. * Wikipedia.

Original Writing – Prose: A day in the life of Lauryn-Emily Jones!

I woke up feeling worried about the day before me, The other staff members had warned me that Thursday was always the worst day but refused to tell me why. Since Monday I had been working in the oncology outpatients department of the city hospital and so far had dealt with all the different emotions adequately. It was hard work not because of the jobs I had to do but because seeing people in and out everyday either recently being told they had cancer or having suffered for years they were still sad when they got bad news and happy when they got good so all the emotions were mixed up. When I walked in on Thursday morning just before nine as I had for the past three days things looked normal. The walls which had been freshly painted were looking bright and fresh and all the staff still looked happy and were smiling so I hoped it was going to be a good day. I went behind reception and there was nothing to do so I stood and watched the people. Most were quite old but all had someone with them for support. I wished silently that everyone that day would get good news but I knew deep down that it was not going to happen and I felt a slight pain in my heart for all the people sitting there, Who were not lucky enough to be seen by some of the best doctors in the world. The disease that was slowly killing could be cured in some cases but it also had lots of side effects to go with it including hair loss, feeling sick at most times, plus the risk of killing too many good cells while killing the bad ones and being in great pain a lot of the time. As I stood thinking about all these things something suddenly popped into my head, What about all the people that did get better? These people included my own Nan who had suffered with throat cancer for a long time but was now cured? This is the proof that these treatments although terrible did work and that even if someone is diagnosed with cancer things can get better. I carried on looking around when a little girl who I later found out was only four came running in, She seemed to know her way around the department and as I looked I realized she did not have very much hair and then I saw her mother. She was a feeble looking woman in a wheel chair; Her husband was pushing her along as she was too weak to do it herself. I decided to talk to this wonderful family and found out the mother had been diagnosed with cancer not long after the doctors told her their daughter had a brain tumour and without a lot of operations and radiotherapy would not live very long and if she did she would be very weak for a lot of her life so may not enjoy it as much as she could. I watched the girl. She was very small and thin and she had tiny patches of hair on her head where the chemotherapy and radiotherapy had made it fall out. Her mother said she had a cancer which they could not specify because it was a mixture of two and she had to have more tests until they could find out. The little girl continued to run around and say hello everyone always keeping a massive smile on her face! This made me smile and I noticed that her father was a very strong man who obviously loved them very much. They soon had to go as the little girl had to have some more radiotherapy. As soon as they went I decided to see what I could find out about radiotherapy. I was told that if a child has to have radiotherapy they get fitted for a mask which fits right over their face, head and neck this is then sent to be made into plastic mask. When the mask is sent back and the child is ready for the radiotherapy, because they can not stay still enough the mask is put over their face with only two little holes for breathing as eye holes are too dangerous. The mask is bolted tightly to the table to stop the child moving because the equipment they use is just a small laser. Unlike chemotherapy it can only be used on the affected part of the body to kill the cells and not on other parts of the body as it kills too many cells and can be very harmful. I stood and thought about this for a minute and wondered whether I would be able to cope with this and how that lively, amazing little girl could cope with it and was told by the lady who does the radiotherapy that most of the time patients have to be put to sleep because they get too distressed by the mask. This thought frightened me and once again I thought how lucky I was to be a normal, healthy 15 year old girl. I found that being in radiotherapy was too distressing and decided to go back up to oncology but when I walked in straight away everything was different, the atmosphere had changed while I was away and I could feel it. I carried on in through the doors and as soon as I got round the corner I realized the whole of the oncology department was full of young men! To any other teenage girl this would be wonderful but to me it was scary. I turned to look and saw a young man no older than 22 sitting in a wheel chair and when it came to going to have his blood taken needed help to get up because he was so weak due to the all the treatment and the disease. I went back behind reception and carried on looking around when I was startled by a lad who slammed his arm down on the desk he looked at me and I noticed he was about the same age as me and he did not look very happy, he had another lad with him who I guessed was for moral support they both smiled at me but the smile was small and not very positive. I decided to go and sit with the lads to see if they would talk to me. I explained what I was doing and they were ok to talk to me. The lad who's name was Rikki told me he was 15 and had been diagnosed with teratoma cancer when he was just 13 and had recently had an operation to try and get rid of it after chemotherapy failed. The other lad who was there was his best mate Ashley, he had been there through everything and they were very close. He said today he had come in to find out whether they had got rid of the cancer or not but was told the chances were small, he gave me a glance his eyes looked sad but I could tell there was a glimmer of hope in there but as he explained he didn't want to get too excited for just in case the news was not good. He said he had to stay for a while because he also had to have blood tests and that he would come and see me before he went. I looked at the time and realized I had missed nearly half of my lunch! Although it was raining I wanted to go and sit outside in the fresh air so I could think and I had a chance to clear my head, I watched the people walk in and out and made the decision I would take each day as it comes because I never know what is around the corner, I also decided I would keep very busy after lunch so I could not think about it to much as deep down I was very distressed and was finding it very hard. When I had finished my lunch I went back in to find the waiting area not so packed but was still full of young men waiting to see the doctor. I went to find one of the nurses to talk to and came across Zoi, she had been in the oncology department for 2 years but was leaving soon as she wanted to finish training as a nurse because she never had the chance to do the things she had wanted. We talked about all the people and my feelings; she said the best way to deal with it is to just pretend that everyone was going to be cured and to think myself lucky it was not me. It sounded like a good idea and she also told me Audrey my supervisor wanted to see me at 3 o'clock. We went back to reception and I was asked to do some filing and pulling. This meant taking people's notes and putting them back on the shelves and getting the lists for the next week and pulling all the files for that which is hard because sometimes they are not there so I have to go to other places around the hospital. Once again when I was reading through the lists thinking about whether I had seen any of the sets of notes I was startled by a hand slamming down on the desk but this time when I looked up I saw a smiling face! It was Rikki again but this time he had the kind of smile I knew no one was going to get rid of! I asked him what the doctor said and in the most wonderful happy voice I have ever heard he said â€Å"It's gone! † I smiled at him and he carried on jumping around laughing and then proceeded to try and get me to go to the pub with him to celebrate. We chatted for a little while then I realized I had to get on with my jobs so he gave me one more very happy smile and walked off. Even with his back to me I knew he was going to be smiling for a very long time and it was going to take a lot to get rid of that smile!