Viruses And Its Effects On Humans - 1404 Words

Though viruses may seem as though it only has the potential to cause harm, recent studies have surfaced to change its bad reputation. Common known viruses such as Ebola, rabies, influenza, HIV and more are known to show harmful reactions to humans, sometimes even possible to cause death. Because of the way they work, viruses such as the human immunodeficiency virus has been looked into in terms of reprogramming, ending in a result that could possibly be an option to treat another catastrophic epidemic of humans, cancer. What are viruses? Viruses are small infectious agents that replicate inside the living cells of other organisms. Viruses particles are one hundred times smaller than a human cell. Viruses are not alive. They cannot grow†¦show more content†¦In the lytic cycle, the virus particle attaches itself to the host cell in a process called absorption. The virus particle then injects either its DNA or RNA into the host cell, in a process for entry. This invading DNA or RNA takes over the cell and recruits the hosts enzymes**.(add citation)** These enzymes now start making new virus particles, in a process called replication. The particles of the virus that were created by the cell could then come together to form new viruses. These now newly formed viruses can then kill the cell so they may break free through lysis and search for a new host cell, in a process called release. The lysogenic cycle is another form of viral reproduction that involves the fusion of the nucleic acid of a bacteriophage with th at of a host. Their viral genome will integrate with host DNA and replicate along with it fairly harmlessly. This virus then remains dormant until the hosts conditions deteriorate, which is when prophages become active. At this point they initiate the reproductive cycle, resulting in lysis of the host cell. As the cycle allows the host cell to continue to survive and reproduce, the virus is reproduced in all of the cell’s offspring (George 1996). How does HIV affect the body? Infection with HIV is particularly troublesome for the immune system because it infects and destroys immune system cells.(Bagby, 2015) Untreated, the disease progresses over a few years to AIDS,

The Hidden Recesses Of The Mind - 1045 Words

He that has eyes to see and ears to hear may convince himself that no mortal can keep a secret. If his lips are silent, he chatters with his fingertips; betrayal oozes out of him at every pore. And thus the task of making conscious the most hidden recesses of the mind is one which it is quite possible to accomplish. - Sigmund Freud, Dora:An Analysis of a Case of Hysteria All human writing contains hidden pieces of the unconscious mind buried within layers of symbols and psychological defenses. When one writes something, all previous experiences, feelings, and thoughts are brought together to form whatever the person wishes to convey. Hidden emotions and feelings that are being suppressed by psychological defences are often expressed unconsciously revealing the speaker s hidden secrets. Logan LeBlanc’s squibs contain multiple different psychological defences, but Intellectualization and escapism appear the most often; they are usually used together in his writing. Almost every time a very personal topic comes up in one of LeBlanc’s logical trains of thought, the conversation suddenly changes to either something that he deems happy or acceptable, or he starts stating facts about one topic or another. One example is when he says â€Å"This would mean that even though most people are strangers, they are still family in a way† after talking about the relationship between family and strangers in squib number one. After saying this, he immediately escapes his thoughts and changesShow MoreRelatedPsychoanalytic Analysis on the Black Cat649 Words   |  3 Pagesside of the human mind. The Black Cat is a story that leaves the reader perplexed to some extent. It certainly contains all the ingredients necessary to satisfy the appetite of any Poe enthusiast – an enigmatic narrator, alcohol , mutilation, strangulation, murder, and, last but not least, one of Poes slight obsessions, perversity In the story, The Black Cat, there is a lot of symbolism regarding hidden attributes of his life. The black cat itself represents not only a hidden meaning but a meaningRead MoreFrankenstein: The Danger in Knowledge, Science and Playing God 1846 Words   |  7 Pagesunleashes unforeseen dangers unto the world. Shelley uses Victor Frankenstein and his creation to expose how knowledge and the pursuit of knowledge are explosive. Frankenstein is set during the Enlightenment Era. During the Age of Enlightenment, the best minds of Europe and North America began to turn towards science and reason to advance knowledge. Ironically, Mary Shelley wrote Frankenstein during the Romantic Era, when many writers, poets, artists, and philosophers rejected the ideas of EnlightenmentRead MoreSusan Bordo Essay543 Words   |  3 Pagesare eating in great amounts, hearty foods. The real question here is, does Bordos Ideology hold up against any advertisement? Behind a mirage of various ads promising Lose weight and control, advertisers have hidden meanings to lure the female customer. Keeping this in mind I found an ad that goes along with exactly Bordos perspective, which is the idea that women are expected to pass up second helpings, eat small portion, and not be tempted to binge. The ad is a young woman holding aRead MoreAnalysis Of 1984768 Words   |  4 Pageseven when one saw a scrap of waste paper lying about, it was an automatic action to lift the flap of the nearest memory hole and drop it in, whereupon it would be whirled away on a current of warm air to the enormous furnaces which were hidden somewhere in the recesses of the building† (Orwell 49). The machine is used to change and get rid of documents. It is also used in the world today or a way of controlling what is presented around society. Technology has brought paper shredders that were barelyRead More Psychological, Philosophical and Religious Elements of Hear t of Darkness901 Words   |  4 Pagesof his way to suggest that in some sense Marlows journey is like a dream or a return to our primitive past--an exploration of the dark recesses of the human mind. Looking at the book from a psychological viewpoint, there are apparent similarities to the psychological theories of Sigmund Freud in its suggestion that dreams are a clue to hidden areas of the mind, and that at the heart of things--which Freud called the Id--we are all primitive brutes and savages, capable of the most appalling wishesRead MorePiaget Of The Child : Theories Of Development Essay960 Words   |  4 Pagestheorists that focus on the mind are called cognitive theorists. Piaget was most interested in how children think. Piaget describes stages of cognitive development stages that occur in succession always in the same order from the reflexive movements of very youthful infants to the trial-and-error approach for adolescent children, to the thought-out reasoning of the early adolescent (Jean Piaget, 1896-1980). Erik Erikson believed behavior as more related to feelings than mind. He stated that â€Å"feelingsRead MoreHow Writers of 19th Century Stories Create Tension and Suspense1456 Words   |  6 PagesStories Create Tension and Suspense The writers in 19th century stories create tension and suspense through the use of gothic horror. This style of writing is designed to frighten and panic and cause dread and alarm. It innovates our hidden worst fears often in a terrifying, shocking finale, while captivating and entertaining us at the same time in a cathartic experience. Horrors effectively centre on the dark side of life, the forbidden, and the strange and alarmingRead MoreThroughout The History Of The Women’S Rights Initiative,989 Words   |  4 Pagesfoam and confusion. The imagination had dashed itself against something hard† (Woolf). Just as the fishing line was pulled into the deepest parts of the ocean and smashed against a rock, Woolf’s imagination attempted to dive into the deepest recesses of her mind and struck the barriers of the patriarchy. Tradition doctrines of femininity would consider it sinful for Woolf to think deeply, to ponder sexuality, equality, and other complex subjects. It is therefore ironic then that Woolf uses a stereotypicallyRead MoreNovels and Scientific Psychology907 Words   |  4 Pagesonly was this beneficial for investigating further into these areas, the experiment also contributed to society. The purpose was to act as a therapy to treat mental disorder (Hill 12). Freud states, â€Å"†¦the task of making conscious the most hidden recesses of the min d is one which it is quite possible to accomplish† (Hill 12). Literature is beneficial for the reader to look at a different perspective and to be more competent of understanding what the person is going through. However, words in literatureRead MoreWhen Lilacs Last in the Dooryard BloomD1508 Words   |  7 Pagesreader to his misery and disappear. Whitman continues to establish the mood of the poem with his diction and syntax. This can be seen best in the first three stanzas of section 4 where it is describing the brush: In the swamp in secluded recesses, A shy and hidden bird is warbling a song. Solitary the thrush, The hermit withdrawn to himself, avoiding the settlements, Sings by himself a song. Here Whitman chooses to use words such as secluded and solitary to describe the brush. This conveys

Bernoullis Theorem Apparatus free essay sample

The objective of this experiment is to determine the relationship between pressure head, velocity head, and static head and compare it with Bernoulli’s Theorem. The total head of flowing liquid between two points remain s constant provided there is no loss due to friction no gain due to application of outside work between the two points. So basically the apparatus used for this experiment consist of a venture tube with different diameter at certain part, 8 tubes of water manometer, a rotameter, stainless steel tube and a stop watch to record the time of the water flow. The procedures are simple, after connecting the hydraulics bench outlet to the test set, the pump is started. Then adjust the flow rate to 10, 15, 20 L per minute. The flow rate and readings for each manometer should be taken and recorded in the table provided. The total head at any point is indicated on tube no. We will write a custom essay sample on Bernoullis Theorem Apparatus or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 7. As for the result, we need to obtain the time needed for the flow to fill up 4L. Then we can calculate the flow rate followed by the velocity of the flow at any point. With the velocity of the flow for each point are known, thus we can calculate the velocity head for each point. As for the static head value is taken from the manometer readings. We can observe that even point 1 and point 8 have the same diameter but the flow rate manometer readings might differ a little which is due to the friction loss along the venture tube. There might be some error occur in this experiment as the valve in this apparatus used contain some defect which will affect the result of the experiment. After conducting this experiment, we can conclude on the statement of Bernoulli’s Theorem that relates between velocity head and static pressure head, where the increase of velocity head is compensated by a reduction in the static pressure. Objectives The purpose of this experiment is to investigate the relation of pressure head, velocity head and static head then compare with Bernoulli’s Theorem. Besides, this experiment also aims to determine the total head and the friction loss between two points in the Venturi tube with same cross sections. Theory: Bernoulli’s Theorem States ‘The total head of flowing liquid between two points remains constant provided there is no loss due to friction no gain due to application of outside work between the two points. Total head (HL) of flowing liquid is made up of Elevation Head or Static Head (Hs). Another example of friction loss is as point 1 and point 8 have same diameter, we should expect that the static head are equal. But as shown is the result the values are not the same in fact the value of point 8 are much lower than that of point 1. This has shown the existence of friction loss along the venturi tube. Besides that, error or mistakes committed during the experiment may also affect the end results. There are several errors and mistakes might have occurred during the experiment which affected the result. The errors and ways to avoid these from happening in the future are as follow: I. There might be some air or bubble that entrapped in the venturi tube or the manometer. This will affects the flow of the fluid in the venture tube and also affect the readings of the manometer. To this error from happening, we should allow the fluid to flow until there is no visible bubble before starting the experiment. II. During the experiment, we encounter some problem on the valve of the apparatus. It seems that it could not be tighten. Even after that it was fixed but this might slightly affect the result due to the defect of the valve. Therefore any broken parts of the apparatus should be replaced and maintenance should be done on the equipment to ensure that it is in a good condition. III. Some unnoticed leakage or blockage in the equipment might also affect the result. Maintenance on the equipment should be done regularly to avoid this. IV. Human errors such as parallax error and some delay in pressing the stop watch might also hugely affect the results of the experiment. The only way to avoid this is to repeat the experiment for several times. V. Manometer that fluctuates all the time makes it harder to get the exact values and therefore influence the accuracy and consistency of the data. So we should wait until it steadies at a certain value before taking the reading. Conclusion This experiment has demonstrate the relation of pressure head, velocity head and static head and compare it with the Bernoulli’s theorem which stated that The total head of flowing liquid between two points remains constant provided there is no loss due to friction no gain due to application of outside work between the two points. In conclusion, the total of velocity head and the static head should be equal to the total head which is the manometer value point 7. And the reason that the total is not equal is due to the existence of friction loss along the venturi tube. From this experiment, we can notice that smaller cross sections of Venturi tube will have higher velocities, thus the cross section of the tube is inversely proportional with the velocity. Flow rate will affect the velocity head. References Hydrology and Hydraulic Engineering I Laboratory Lab Manual Appendix

Omelas Moral Dilemma free essay sample

In The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas Ursula LeGuin is raising the moral dilemma of justice vs. happiness. The happiness of the citizens in Omelas depends on the suffering of a child locked in a closet. She briefly describes the contrast between the child’s situation and the citizens’ position, portraying a moral dilemma, which is when you have to choose to do one of two equally unpleasant things. LeGuin portrays an ideal life â€Å"boats in the harbor sparkled with flags, women carrying their babies and chatting as they walked and streets filled with music and dancing† (1311). The morning air was clear, the peaks wear crowning with snow and the sweetness of air trembled enough to bring joyous of belles through the streets of Omelas† (1311). Summer has begun and they gather together at the Green fields to smell the marvelous smell of cooking. â€Å"The youths and girls line up there horses and begin to start the line of course† (1313). We will write a custom essay sample on Omelas Moral Dilemma or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page A child sits alone playing his wooden flute sending a sweet and magic tune, people pause and listen to the young child but do not speak to him. However, she also portrays the situation as extremely injustice. In a basement under one of the beautiful public buildings of Omelas† (1313) is a child that is sacred and alone. The child is observed, he cries out at night the pain and suffering. He sometimes speaks out â€Å"I will be good,† â€Å"Please let me out† (1314). Very little light sweeps through the cellar the child has no understanding of time. Others content merely know the child is there, it is explained to young children when they are capable of understanding. Young children often clutch for weeks of no real joy. They take their pain and suffering home of the young child locked away in the underground cellar. Some of the people of Omelas understand why the child is there and the others do not. Even when the issue is being explained people still don’t understand they are shocked and sickened. Words are not spoken to the child tears of injustice, compassion, and happiness perhaps is of no knowledge to the child. Yet tears and anger of the acceptances to their helplessness is the existence that they know the child is not free. Men and women walk the streets, and weep at the fact of the child in the cellar. The child in the cellar is the existence of why the Omelas treat their children gentle but yet full of compassion and joyful love for happiness. The tearless rage, treatment, freedom, and acceptance of the Omelas to the child have long ever to be free and fearful. Therefore, happiness seems to be at the expense of justice. â€Å"The folks were not simple folk, though they were happy† (1312). They would not use the word â€Å"cheer† anymore because they weren’t cheerful (1312), but yet all smiles would become archaic (1312). They didn’t have slaves or swords nor did they use their people as barbarians (1312). Yet their society, rules, and laws were especially less complex, but the people of Omelas â€Å"were not less complex than us† (1312). The trouble was encouraged by sophisticates considering happiness rather than being stupid† (1312). Their children were happy, mature and intelligent; perhaps happiness is based on what is neither necessary nor destructive. Omelas strikes some as all smiles and good people. The people of the Omelas have guilt, and the joy they have is built on successful slaughter. What swells the hearts of Omelas is the boundless, generous and magnanimous triumph in souls of all men and against some other enemy. The people of Omelas often stray away from the village and straight over the mountains and through the farmland never to return. The people’s reactions towards the child’s faith, the city development, and survival, make it a real big dilemma. The goodness of the Omelas threw away small improvements for the small chance and happiness of one. Adults and other children view the child locked away in the basement under the beautiful buildings. No matter the disgust, and sorrow they have for the child, wanting to do something for him would have Omelas end in wither and would be destroyed. The people leaving the village realized that justice was more of important moral value, than having one innocent child sacrifices his life for everyone’s happiness. Therefore, I believe â€Å"Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas† is a moral dilemma of justice vs. happiness. The people realize that justice is more of an important moral value than to have one child suffer to have happiness for everyone. To have one sacrifice his life and happiness for other people’s happiness is not right. People experience happiness first before experiencing misery. The acceptance to happiness and existence is in the eye of the holder. The compassion and joyful happiness of one shall not be taken for granted suffering of one gives opinions of freedom, nobility and an understanding of right or wrong to others.

Most Influential People in European History free essay sample

Charles Darwin Greetings peers. My name is Charles Darwin. I am a British scientist who laid the foundations of the theory of evolution and transformed the way we think about the natural world. I was born in 1809 into a very earthy and well-connected family. In 1809 after graduating from Cambridge University, I joined the HMS Beagle as the ships’ naturalist on a five-year voyage around South America. This is the trip in which I credit with establishing my working methods and knowledge that sustained my scientific career. My observations on the Galapagos Islands, gave me the first inkling of what would eventually become The Origin of The Species. My theory of natural selection states that a species adapts to its surroundings by making small genetic mutations in order to survive. The species that do not adapt will die and those who do will survive. Apparently this was very controversial. People claimed that it stripped away any room for fate and God. We will write a custom essay sample on Most Influential People in European History or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Because my ideas of evolution and natural selection rely on my observations and science rater than a pure irrational faith in Gods will, many were upset. However, I saw my findings as a way to prove Gods influence on earth and show how he operates. Even though  natural selection did not become a widely accepted principle until the 1930s, in the end my findings were becoming more accepted. I am definitely one of the most influential people in European history because my findings have not only influenced the world of science, but the world of religion. I also influenced later social theories such as Social Darwinism. Adolph Hitler Greetings to all who have come today. My name is Adolph Hitler. I should efinitely be considered to win the award for the most influential person in European history because I was the leader of Germany in the Third Reich and my action changed the world forever. Please allow me to elaborate. I was born on April 20, 1889 in Austria. When I was 16 both of my parents died, so I decided to move to study the art of painting at an art school in Vienna. However, fortunately for me, I was kicked out of art school due to my lack of artistic talent. I stayed in Vienna for some time, and this is when I was able to develop my personal views towards certain groups, such as my hatred for Jews and Marxists. In 1913 I moved to Munich and avoided Austrian military service during WWI at all cost. In 1914, I joined the 16th Bavarian Infantry Regiment and ended up serving throughout the First World War. I was discussed with Germanys surrender and the Treaty of Versailles. This was when I became convinced I was destined to save Germany. Once discharged from the army,  I became heavily involved in the National Socialist Party, a small extremist group during the Weimar Republic. Quickly rose to a powerful position due to my impressive intelligence and people skills. I gave the party the symbol of a Swastika, which million came to fear and still fear to this day. It came to represent the personal army of storm troopers known as the SA or Brownshirts, whose job was to attack any opponents to the party’s objectives. Because the Weimar Republic was so weak and Germany was in a state of political and economic crisis, I thought that the National Socialist Party would be able to revolt and seize power of the government. In 1923, I led a small sect of the socialist party and attacked Munich, Germany. The attack was known as the Beer Hall Putsch. Unfortunately for myself, this attempt was a monumental failure. Fortunately for me, I only had to serve none months in prison. Prison turned out to be not that bad, and it provided me with loads of time to refocus my tactics. While in prison I wrote one of the most controversial and important books of all time, know as Mein Kampf or my struggle. In it I outlined my theories on race, specifically anti-Semitism, Germany, specifically how I wanted all true Aryan Germans to become one united pan-German state, and my goal to abolish the Treaty of Versailles. After I was released from jail, I was determined to seek power by infiltrating and corrupting the Weimar Republic. I cautiously reinstituted the Nazi party. In 1932 I acquired German citizenship and ran for president, coming only second to Hindenburg. Later that year the Nazi party acquired 230 seats in the Reichstag, making us the largest political party in Germany. I got lots of support from conservative politicians believing they could control me if I was given a high political position, so I was appointed Chancellor of Germany on January 30th 1933. I knew then that I was capable of achieving my goals. I moved with great acceleration to isolate and expel any other politicians who posed a threat to my power, shut trade unions down, and to remove all communists, conservatives and Jews. At this rate it was no wonder that I soon took over the role of president when Hindenburg died, thus merging my current role of chancellor to become the Furrier of Germany. I then did everything in my power to radically change Germany. I combined power positions to my benefit, locked up German enemies like Jews, rebuilt the army and broke the constraints of the Treaty of Versailles. I tried to change the social acceptances in Germany by encouraging women to become more active and bringing in laws to secure racial purity. As promised I made employment fall to zero, despite the fact that Europe was in a great depression. In order to ensure nothing went wrong, I also made myself head of the army. After that I knew it was time to expand Germany and reassert its dominance as a world power. I used my keen tactical skills and put together a plan to expand Germany. I was able to unite Germany with Austria in what is now called an Anschluss, as well as divide Czechoslovakia. In 1939, I had German forces invade Poland, which caused much controversy amongst other nations who as a result declared war. I saw this as a great opportunity for Germany to assert its dominance through war. At first the war was going well. However, in 1941 when we unsuccessfully invaded Russia and lost battles in Western Europe it became clear that Germany was slowly loosing the war. I had never felt a greater disappointment in my life, so on April 30 1945 I decided to end my life. Although my efforts in Germany ended in the most disappointing way, there is not doubt that I forever influenced not only all of Europe, but the world. I will forever be remembered for being the most prominent catalyst of the Second World War, which was and still is the most costly conflict in European history. I will also be remembered for how I managed to manipulate and convince thousands of people the help me peruse my dreams of racial purity, which I was charged for the brutal execution of million of innocent people. It is for these reasons that I should be chosen for the most influential man in European history. Sir Isaac Newton Hello. For those of you who do not know my name is Sir Isaac Newton. I am so very pleased to be acknowledged by such an esteemed committee for my efforts to improve the world. I am an English physicist, mathematician, astronomer and theologian, who has been considered by many to be the greatest and most influential  scientist  who ever lived. I was born in 1642 in Woolsthorpe, Lincolnshire. However, I made my true impact in the later years of my life. As an intellectual, I wanted to solve the problem that past intellectuals like Copernicus, Kepler and Galileo have developed. All of them made theories about how the planets revolve around the sun, but I always wondered How? I wanted to be able to give credibility to their theories, so I worked for almost two decades on trying to solve the problem. I eventually published my book Principa, in 1687, which is sometimes to be considered the most influential book of all time. In it I determined that all planets and objects are held in the elliptical orbit by a force called gravity. I also built the first practical  reflecting telescope  and developed a theory of color based on the observation that a  prism  decomposes white light into the many colors that form the  visible spectrum. My findings scared me because I was a man of God and I knew that the church would not be very pleased with my findings. However, my findings were very important and influential in the world forever changing how people view the whorl as well as contributing to future scientific efforts. I hope that you all will consider me as a viable nominee for most influential. John Locke Good evening. My name is John Locke (1632-1704). I definitely believe that I should be considered as the most influential people in European history because I am widely known as the Father of Classical Liberalism and am regarded as one of the most influential philosopher and physicians of the Enlightenment. I wrote the literary piece Two Treaties on Government  in, which was published before the Revolution of 1688, but after William and Mary came to power. In it I argue that all men are born free of sin and free in nature. I argued that all men are born with a tabula rasa, or a clean state of mind, and that fate is not predetermined by God, but up to how the person corrupts his mind. Because all men are born free, as soon as he joins society he enters a social contact with the state. The contract protects mans natural rights to life, liberty and property and as long as the social contract is kept there would be no controversy. However, I made it very clear that if a government begins to oppress a persons natural rights it is the peoples duty to rebel against the government. I believe that I am truly Europes most influential people of all time. My ideas and beliefs served as a defense for many a revolution, as well as the main basis for the English Bill of Rights. My work also played a critical part in the foundation in the United States Bill of Rights. Frederick William Good day to you all. My name is Frederick William. I am often referred to as the Great Elector since while I was a ruler of Brandenburg I served as one of the electors of the Holy Roman Emperor. Because my state of Prussia consisted of three loosely bordered chances of lard, I wanted to build up an army capable of unifying them. Because I did not have the considerable resources needed to achieve this goal on my own, I worked out an agreement with the Junkers. The Junkers provided me with revenue in exchange for my acceptance of their rule over serfs. This arrangement worked out very well for quite some time because it provided me with support and resources and them with economic reassurance and opportunity. I definitely should be considered as one of the most influential men in history because I build up the strong militarized empire of Prussia in which I built was left to my son Fredrick the Great, who was able to use the considerable resources left to him to further strengthen Prussia. Joseph Stalin Greetings. My name is Joseph Stalin. I served as the first General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Unions Central Committee from 1922 until my death in 1953. I am known for assuming the leading role in Soviet Politics after Vladimir Lenins death in 1924. As primary ruler of Russia, I integrated the Five-Year Plans that radically altered Soviet economic and social structures resulting in the death of millions. In the 1930s, I eliminated any threat to my power through purge trails and secret xecutions. In World War II I signed the German-Soviet Nonaggression pact of 1938, attacked Finland, and annexed parts of Eastern Europe to strengthen Russias western frontiers. When Hitler went against our nonaggression pact, I decided to take control of military operations. I allied Russia with Britain and the U. S. , which ended up being a very smart move, seeing that we won the war. After the war I consolidated Soviet Power in Eastern Europe and built up the Soviet U nion as a world military pose. I should definitely be considered the most significant person in European History because I brought the Soviet Union into world prominence, even if it was at the cost of my people. I left a legacy of repression and fear as well as making Russia an industrial and military power, which made Russia more prominent in future world conflicts such as the Cold War. Napoleon Bonaparte Bonjour mes Amis!! I am so pleased to be given the opportunity to speak for you today. My name is Napoleon Bonaparte and I was born August of 1769. I was the French military and political leader during the latter stages of the French revolution. I was the sole Emperor of France from 1804-1815. While in power I made many legal reforms, specifically the Napoleonic code, which has been a major influence on many civil law jurisdictions, but I am best remembered for my role in the wars led against France by a series of coalitions, now known as the Napoleonic Wars. During the wars, I  established authority over most of Europe and sought to spread the ideals of the French Revolution, while building an empire. Because of my consistent success in these wars, I am  generally regarded as one of the greatest military commanders of all time. I  was born in Corsica to parents of noble ancestry and trained as an officer in France. I rose to a high level political standing under the French First Republic and led successful campaigns against the First and Second Coalitions. In 1799, I staged a  coup detat  and put myself as First Consul. Five years later, the French Senate proclaimed me as emperor. In the first decade of the 19th century, the  French Empire engaged in some conflicts-the Napoleonic Wars-involving every major European power. After a few victories, I made sure France secured a dominant position in Europe, and I maintained French influence to rule other European countries. The fight against Spain and my invasion of Russia was the turning point for me. My impressive army was damaged and was never able to fully recover. In 1813, the Sixth Coalition defeated my forces and invaded my dear France. As a result I was forced to give up my position as Emperor and exiled to an island called Elba. However, I was not quite done fighting yet, as I escaped less that a year later and returned to power, but made the mistake if not building up more support and as a consequence lost the battle of Waterloo in 1815. I spent the rest of my life on an English island called Saint Helena, where I eventually died of stomach cancer. I believe that I should definably be considered as the most influential person in all of European History because I was one of the greatest military commanders of all time and I was twice the Emperor of France, whose military actions and sheer personality dominated Europe for a full decade. Mussolini For those of you who do not know, my name is Benito Mussolini. Although I am not surprised for my nomination, I am completely honored to have the opportunity to try and convince you why I was the most influential person in history. I am an Italian politician who led the National Fascist Party, as well as being credited as one of the key figures in the creation of fascism. I was among the founders of Italian Fascism, which included elements of nationalism, corporatism, expansionism, social progress, and anti-socialism in combination with censorship of conspiracies and propaganda. My formation and release of the fascist ideology resulted in many political figures having a deep admiration for me. I eventually became the fortieth Prime Minister of Italy in 1922 and had many domestic achievements. I started many public works programs, improved job opportunities, public transportation, and fixed Italys economic battles. I also solved an ongoing problem with the church with the Lateran Treaty between the state of Italy and the Pope. In 1940, I led Italy into World War II. I was aware that Italy did not have the military capacity to carry out a long war with France and the UK, so I waited until both were on the verge of imminent collapse and surrender because of the German invasion before declaring war on France and the UK. I  believed that after the imminent French surrender, Italy could gain some territorial concessions and then concentrate its forces on a major offensive in Egypt where British forces were outnumbered by Italian forces. In 1943,  soon after the start of the  Allied invasion of Italy,  I was defeated in the vote at the  Grand Council of Fascism, and the day after the vote the King had me arrested. Hitler rescued me, installed me as puppet dictator of northern Italy. I then  facilitated significant war production for the Germans and the creation of large, ruthless Fascist counterinsurgency forces. The April 1945 German surrender in Italy forced me to flee. I was then captured and shot. I should definitely be considered as the most influential person in history because my actions as an Italian dictator unified Italy, borough Fascism to be one of the leading political parties of the time, and had a significant impact in WWII. Karl Marx Hello. My name is Karl Marx. I was a German philosopher born in 1818 and was by far on e of the most influential political writers in history. My ideas played a significant toll in the development of social science and the socialist political movement. I grew up in a pretty well of family that could afford to have things like a prized education, so as a result I ended up going to study at the university of Berlin to study for four years. My studies allowed me to become a very thoughtful and intelligent person capable of seeing perspective. After I finished my studies I went to go work at a newspaper, and began to work out my theory of dialectal materialism. I then moved to Paris in 1843, where I began working for a few other radical newspapers. Because of my radical views, I was exiled to Brussels and became the leading figure in the Communist League. It was at this point where I began to write and formulate my theories about the nature of society and how I believed it could be drastically improved through a series of changes. When I saw the working conditions in London, I became a leading figure in the International Workingmens Association. My theories about society, economics and politics, now known as Marxism, state that societies progress through class struggle, or a conflict between the upper classes reign and the lower classes abuse. In other words I believe that capitalism is true oppression instigated by the upper class for there sole benefit, and thus increasing mass tensions in society. As a result of these tensions society would lead to self-destruction and eventually be replaced by a new system called socialism. I believed that under socialism, the working class or â€Å"the workers’ democracy† would govern society. Eventually, I believed that socialism would turn and be replaced by a stateless, classless society called communism. I eventually wrote all of my ideas down in  a highly influential book known as  The Communist Manifesto. Unfortunately, I was never able to see communism take true form. However, throughout world history, I have proved to be very influential, as revolutionary governments have used my concepts leading to the formation OD socialist states such as the Soviet Union and the Peoples Republic of China. Countless workers parties have also been influenced by my ideas making me a viable candidate for most influential person in European History. Otto von Bismarck Hallo. My name is Otto Von Bismarck. I was born in Brandenburg Germany in 1815. I studied law and agriculture and in 1847 entered the new Prussian Parliament as an ultra-royalist. When I entered parliament I was extremely opposed to democracy because I had little to know faith in allowing peasants and unintelligent people run the great German state. During the 1848 Revolutions, I even tried to argue against constitutional reform, but the Frankfurt Assembly demanded equal rights. For a while I served as a foreign ambassador in Russia and France, but was recalled in 1862 so I could become the President of Prussia. As president of Prussia, I instigated wars that made Prussia dominant over Austria and France. In 1867, I also become the Chancellor of the North German Confederation. I practically designed and created the German Empire in 1871, becoming the first chancellor and largely controlling all of its affairs until the arrogant Kaiser Wilhelm II removed me from office. My diplomacy of Realpolitik and powerful rule eventually gave me the nickname the iron chancellor           As leader of revolutionary conservatism, I became a hero to German nationalists, I was primarily responsible for the unification of the German states and I used balance of power diplomacy to keep Europe peaceful. It is for these reasons that I should be a serious candidate for the most influential person in all of European history.

Why Conservatives Oppose Raising the Minimum Wage

Why Conservatives Oppose Raising the Minimum Wage A new Raise the Wage wave has been sweeping the country recently. In California, lawmakers passed a deal to increase the wage to $15/hour by 2022. Seattle passed a similar bill in 2015, and the evidence points to a possible negative impact of such a large increase. So, why do conservatives oppose artificially high minimum wages anyway? First, Who Gets Paid a Minimum Wage? The first assumption of those who want to raise the minimum wage is that these people need their minimum wages raised. But who are these jobs meant for? The week I turned sixteen I started my first job. It was a glorious job that involved walking outside of the largest retailer in the world, collecting buggies, and pushing them back inside. Occasionally, I would help people load items into their cars, too. In full disclosure, this retailer actually paid me 40 cents above minimum wage to start. I met a lot of other people my age here, too. Together, we all went to school during the day and worked at night or on the weekends. Oh, and my mother also had a part-time job at the same place just to make a little extra cash. At sixteen, I had no bills. Although times are changing if I believe MTV’s Teen Mom, I also had no family to support. That minimum wage job was meant for me. It was also meant for my mom who already worked one stressful job and wanted to make a little money on the side doing less-stressful cashier work a few hours a week. Minimum wage jobs are intended to be entry level. You start at the bottom, and then through hard work, start making more money. Minimum wage jobs are not intended to be lifetime careers. They most certainly are not intended to be able to support a full family. Yes, all situations are different. And in the current economy, even these jobs are hard to come by sometimes. Higher Minimum Wage, Fewer Minimum Wage Jobs The process-based and emotional plea of raising the minimum wage is easy to do. Oh, so you don’t think American workers deserve to be able to live comfortably if they are working full time?. Thats what they will say. But economics isn’t that easy. It isn’t as though the minimum wage is increased by 25% and nothing else changes. In fact, everything changes. For starters, jobs become fewer. Make something more costly and you get less of it. Welcome to Economics 101. Most minimum wage jobs are not essential jobs (say, pushing buggies from a parking lot) and making them more costly also makes them more expendable. Add to that the recent job-killer was known as Obamacare and pretty soon you won’t have to worry about minimum wage jobs because there will be very few left. Employers would rather pay one excellent employee $16/hr with benefits rather than pay two inexperienced entry-level workers $9 with benefits. The net result is fewer jobs as duties are consolidated into fewer and fewer positions. The anti-business policies that started in 2009 have proven this point as by 2013 there were 2 million fewer people working than four years earlier, with the highest unemployment rates being in the young adult/entry level age brackets. A federal minimum wage increase is also highly uneven as the cost of living in Mississippi is very different than that of New York City. A federal minimum wage increase would disproportionately hurt business in states where everything costs less, but now the cost of labor costs much more. This is why conservatives would prefer a state-based approach as one size does not fit all. Higher Costs Wipe Out Gains in Income Not only would raising the minimum wage to reduce the number of available jobs, but it probably would fail to make life â€Å"cheaper† for these workers in the long run anyway. Imagine that every retailer, small business, gas station, and fast food and pizza joint were forced to increase the pay of their heavily teen, college-aged, part-time, and second-job workforce by 25%. Do they just go â€Å"oh okay† and do nothing to make up for that? Of course, they don’t. They either reduce employee head count (likely not making their situations â€Å"better†) or increase the cost of their product or service. So while you boost the minimum wage of these workers (even assuming they are the working poor) it doesn’t matter much because the price of every product they plan to purchase from other retailers, fast food joints, and small business just skyrocketed to pay for the pay increases. At the end of the day, the value of the dollar is merely weakened and the ability to purchase more goods becomes more  expensive anyway. Middle-Class Hit Hardest The dominoes keep falling, and now they head toward the middle class. If the minimum wage is flat-out increased – even for teens and second jobbers and retirees who don’t need an increase- it does not mean that employers would raise the wages of their middle-class workers who are more likely to be in a career. But just as the purchasing power of the dollar is diminished by higher prices for minimum wage workers, it is also increased for the middle class who are purchasing the same goods and services. But unlike the lower wage workers, the middle class does not automatically get a 25% increase in pay in order to absorb the cost of higher prices. In the end, a feel-good policy could cause even further havoc on the middle class and small businesses, while doing almost nothing to help those who the law was intended to help.

Critically examine the claim that people are an organisation's most Essay

Critically examine the claim that people are an organisation's most valued asset. How this claim would be translated into prac - Essay Example Different approaches have been developed in the literature regarding the role of people within modern organizations. In accordance with a common view, people are the most valued asset of each organization. The specific issue is examined in this paper. Reference is made to the potential translation of the above statement in practice, especially regarding the development of organizational strategies. The research on the particular subject has revealed that people are, indeed, the most valued assets in modern organizations; however, their contribution in the development of the organizational practices is not always appreciated, an issue highlighted in the study of Lawler et al. (2008). The common statement that employees are key assets of an organization does not always reflect the actual thoughts of organizational leaders – a problem mostly related to the different perceptions of organizational leaders on the role of employees within organizations. The literature published in th e specific field is presented – followed by a critical analysis of the finding, at the level that such activity would help to understand the role of employees as part of the organization. 2. ... In the literature, additional perceptions on the role of people within organizations have been developed. In accordance with Sveiby (1997) the role of people within organizations could be explained as follows: the balance sheet of each organization has a series of invisible assets: ‘employee competence, internal structure and external structure’ (Sveiby 1997, p.10). It is made clear that employee competence refers to the ability of employees to develop the various organizational tasks, i.e. to respond to the organizational needs, no matter even if these needs are related to tangible or intangible assets (Sveiby 1997, p.10). The above explanation of the role of people within modern organizations is based on the perception that people are indispensable part of organizations, since no organization would exist and operate without the employees who manage its various activities. A similar approach of employees as assets is presented in the study of Storey (2009, p.140); in th e specific study emphasis is given on the role of employees as intangible assets of organizations. On the other hand, Holbeche (1998) notes that employees are a valuable asset of each organization; however, the specific asset is different from the other organizational assets at the level that it is extremely ‘volatile and easily damaged’ (Holbeche 1998, p.10); it is explained that the organization that has not secured the position of its employees is likely to face severe organizational failures. It is also mentioned that the organizational leaders are likely to develop different views on the value of employees in their organization. Moreover, if employees within the particular organization are highly motivated, then their value in the